Unit 1- WWW Flashcards
ARPANET
What does the acronym stand for?
ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY NETWORK
In which year was the ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY NETWORK) created?
In the 1960’s
W3C
What does the acronym stand for?
WORLD WIDE WEB CONSORTIUM
What are EARLIER TECHNOLOGIES before the internet?
RADIO, TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONEs
What is the internet?
A global system of interconnected computers, using a standardized Internet Protocol suite (TCP/IP) for communication and sharing information is called the Internet.
In which form did the earlier technologies work?
IN ANALOG FORM.
TYPE OF NETWORK Configuration/CONNECTIONs?
CIRCUIT SWITCHING.
PACKET SWITCHING
WEAKNESSES OF HAVING A PHYSICAL CONNECTION?
MUST ESTABLISH A LINK MAINTAIN A DEDICATED CIRCUIT FOR THE DURATION OF THE CALL
WEAKNESSES OF HAVING A PHYSICAL CONNECTION?
MUST ESTABLISH A LINK AND MAINTAIN A DEDICATED CIRCUIT FOR THE DURATION OF THE CALL
what is CIRCUIT SWITCHING?
Circuit switching is a type of network configuration in which a physical path is obtained and dedicated to a single connection between two endpoints
Disadvantages of circuit switching?
REQUIRES MORE BANDWIDTH
Dedicated channels for circuit switching are unavailable for any other use.
There is a higher cost to dedicate one channel per use.
WHAT TYPE OF NETWORK CONNECTION DID ARPANET USE?
PACKET SWITCHING
THE INTERNET WAS BORN OUT OF?
THE THREAT of war
What is packet Switching?
Packet switching is the transfer of small pieces of data across various networks. These data chunks or “packets” allow for faster, more efficient data transfer.
RESEARCH INSTITUTEs WERE ?
LINKED TOGETHER IN The FIRST EVER WIDE AREA NETWORK.
Who funded the first Network(WAN)
?
THIS NETWORK WAS FUNDED BY THE DEFENSE DEPARTMENT
A new communication protocol was established called ?
TRANSFER CONTROL PROTOCOL/INTERNET WORK PROTOCOL(TCP/IP)
THIS ALLOWED DIFFERENT KINDS OF COMPUTERS ON DIFFERENT NETWORKS TO “TALK” TO EACH OTHER.
ANS
TRANSFER CONTROL PROTOCOL/INTERNET WORK PROTOCOL(TCP/IP)
WHAT DOES IP STAND FOR?
INTERNET WORK PROTOCOL
WHAT DOES TCP STAND FOR?
TRANSFER CONTROL PROTOCO
ARPANET AND THE DEFENSE DATA NETWORK OFFICIAL CHANGED YO TCP/IP STANDARD WHEN?
JANUARY 1,1983
HENCE THE BIRTHDAY
essential elements that are still the core features of the web today
- Uniform Resource Locator(URL)
- Hypertext Transfer protocol HTTP
3.webserver software
4.HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE (HTML)
5.browser
English computer scientist best known as the inventor of the World Wide Web?
Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee
also known as TimBL
WORLD WIDE WEB CONSORTIUM(W3C) STANDARDS????
Oversees research, sets standards and guidelines
Tim berners-lee,director
WHAT DO THE Internet 2 (I2) STANDARDS DO??
Internet Related Research and development projects.
Developers and tests advanced internet technologies.
What is the history of HTML?
HTML was created by Sir Tim Berners-Lee in late 1991 but was not officially released.
It was published in 1995 as HTML 2.0.
HTML 4.01 was published in late 1999 and was a major version of HTML.
UNIVERSAL RESOURCE LOCATOR FEATURES ?
5.The protocol used to access the resource.
4.THE LOCATION OF THE SERVER WHETHER BY IP ADDRESS OR DOMAIN NAME.
3.The port number on the server (optional)
- The location on the resource in the directory structure of the server
- A fragment of identifier(optional)
Every time you click on a hyperlink inside an application(email, web page, word document)……
you are effectively being redirected to the URL.
All urls are presented in the following order:
- Scheme name
2.Colon and two slashes
3.Location of the server
4 . The port(optional) and the - location of the resource on the server.
6.Fragment identifier(optional)
DOMAIN NAME
?
Domain names provide a human-readable address for any web server available on the internet.
INTERNET PROTOCOL(IP) Definition
An IP address is a unique address that identifies a device on the internet or local network.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IP AND DOMAIN NAME
Domain names are the alphanumeric names of IP addresses.
Since it is difficult to remember IP addresses of many sites,domain names are used as human memorable names equivalent to numeric IP addresses for SAKE of easiness.
What are web browsers?
A web browser is an application for accessing websites.
PURPOSE OF web browsers?
the browser retrieves its files from a web server
How would you evaluate web browsers?
the load speed
user friendliness
ease of use
required environment
usefulness of a search engine
browser’s ability and organization
Interactivity
Connectivity
Cost
What are websites?
A website is a collection of web pages and related content that is identified by a common domain name and published on at least one web server.
LIST 6 types of websites?
Portal
News
Blogs
Social Networking
Personal
Business/Marketing
How would you evaluate a website? 7 WAYSSAYSYS
Purpose
Target audience
Currency
appropriateness and completeness of content
copyright issues
SITE map and navigation
Pitch size- fixed are variable
Definition of service providers
??
AN ENTITY OR ORGANIZATION THAT PROVIDES A SERVICE
What are the two types of service providers?
Internet service providers and Online service providers
Differentiate between ISP and OSP
.
ISP provides connectivity to the internet wHILE OSP provides services when already on an internet connection
List Examples of ISP
FloW
Digicel
Verizon
AT&T
List Examples of OSP
email provider,
news provider,
entertainment provider,
search,
online service provider SERVICES
offers
transmission,
Routing,
or providing connections for services or network access.
ISP OFFERS
In addition to maintaining a direct line to the internet, the company usually maintains web servers
Tim Berners-Lee invents HTML 1.0
1991
HTML 1.0 is released. Not many developers are creating websites at this time.
1993
HTML 2.0 is published. This contains the features of HTML 1.0 plus new features. This remained the standard markup language for designing and creating websites until 1997.
1995
Dave Raggett introduced a fresh draft on HTML, which improved new features of HTML and gave more powerful characteristics for webmasters in designing websites.
1997- HTML 3.0
The widely-used HTML 4.0 comes out. It is very successful.
1999
HTML 5.0 is released and used worldwide. It is said to be the extended version of HTML 4.01 which was published in 2012.
2014
DESCRIBE URL PARTS
The Scheme - you can’t change the http
domain name- contains the human readable version of the IP
filename- contains a path with slashes
parameters_ may contain an equal sign
Anchor_ is at the end
