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Psychology > Unit 1 - What is Psychology? > Flashcards

Unit 1 - What is Psychology? Flashcards

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1
Q

what is psych?

A
  • study of mind/behavior

- embraces all aspects of conscious and unconscious experience, as well as thought

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2
Q

difference between research and applied psych?

A
  • research: study of people’s problems/ doing case studies on topics, getting info, learning, observing.
  • applied: taking research and what they have learned/observed and applying it to help and treat others.
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3
Q

explain…… the 1st wave of psych

A

introspection (look and respond)

  • Wundt and Titchener
  • ^structuralism^ (look/respond w emotion)
  • functionalism (how someone plays a role w life aspects)-James
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4
Q

2nd wave of psych

A 
Gestalt psychology (Wertheimer)
-puzzle, a whole
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5
Q

3rd wave

A

psychoanalytical (Freud and Jung)

  • Freud- subconsciousness/unconsciousness.. id, ego(fragile, DM) ,superego
  • Jung- collective unconsciousness
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6
Q

4th wave

A

Behavioral (Watson, Skinner, Pavlov)

- stimulus/ response, punishment/reward, reinforcement

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7
Q

5th wave

A

Multiple perspective/ eclecticism: drawing from multiple perspectives/ approaches
- no “one way” at looking at psych

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8
Q

explain beliefs, significance, psychologists of 8 approaches (bio-psych NvN)

A

-explain human thought/behavior
-reaction to what is happening to your brain (anatomy)
FOCUSES ON NATURE(born w/inherited) NOT NURTURE(experience from birth and on)

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9
Q

explain beliefs, significance, psychologists of 8 approaches (behavioral genetics)

A

Analysis of how learning occurs based upon reward & punishment. (John Watson + B.F. Skinner)

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10
Q

explain beliefs, significance, psychologists of 8 approaches (evolutionary/Darwinian)

A

How the natural selection of traits promoted the survival of genes. (Charles Darwin)

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11
Q

explain beliefs, significance, psychologists of 8 approaches (psychoanalytical/psychodynamic)

A

Based on the belief that childhood experiences greatly influence the development of later personality traits & psychological problems. From Sigmund Freud’s work. (Unconscious Forces)

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12
Q

explain beliefs, significance, psychologists of 8 approaches (cognitive)

A

Focuses on how we process, store,& use information. Sigmund Freud- concerned w individuals and their mental problems (id ego superego DM)

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13
Q

explain beliefs, significance, psychologists of 8 approaches (behavioral)

A

Analysis of how learning occurs based on reward & punishment. (John Watson + B.F. Skinner)

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14
Q

explain beliefs, significance, psychologists of 8 approaches (humanistic)

A

studying consciousness, free will, idiv. choice, and awareness of human condition
Developed in part as a result of Abraham Maslow’s dissatisfaction with psychoanalysis & behaviorism.
(Self-Direct, Uniqueness, Potential to develop)

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15
Q

explain beliefs, significance, psychologists of 8 approaches (sociocultural)

A

Studies the influence of cultural & ethnic similarities & differences.

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16
Q

experimental research

A

The prime method of inquiry in science is the experiment. … An experiment is an investigation in which a hypothesis is scientifically tested. In an experiment, an independent variable (the cause) is manipulated and the dependent variable (the effect) is measured; any extraneous variables are controlled.

17
Q

correlational research

A

It determines if a relationship exists between two or more variables, and if so, to what degree the relationship occurs.

18
Q

clinical research

A

intensive psychological studies of a single individual

19
Q

LONGitudinal research

A

over a long period of time w same subjects

20
Q

Cross-sectional research

A

test a wide array of subjects from diff backgrounds to increase generalizability

21
Q

Ind. variable

A

manipulated/changed variable

22
Q

Dep. variable

A

whats measured

23
Q

experimental group

A

receiving/reacting to ind. variable

24
Q

sampling bias

A

Sampling Bias refers to errors that can occur in research studies by not properly selecting participants for the study.

25
Q

single blind

A

the subjects do not know whether they’re in control or experimental group

26
Q

double blind

A

niether subject nor researcher know who is in the two groups

27
Q

descriptive statistics

A

-summarize describe data

conclusions of data not made

28
Q

ethics in research

A

informing participants of the nature of the experiment might bias results

29
Q

Milgram experiment

A

obedience experiment which convinced participants that they were “shocking someone w electricity” when they really weren’t. they had to push a button when told to.

Psychology (5 decks)

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