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Chemistry > Unit 1 Vocabulary > Flashcards

Unit 1 Vocabulary Flashcards

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1
Q

Sublimation

A

Solid -> Gas

skips liquid stage

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2
Q

Deposition

A

Gas -> Solid

Skips liquid stage

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3
Q

Coefficients

A

Number that shows how many molecules of a substance are involved in a chemical reaction.
Ex) 2H2O
^Coeff. 1sts 2

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4
Q

Molecule

A

Smallest part of a substance that has all the properties of that substance - more than 1 element

ex) H20 -> H2 + O

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5
Q

Chemical Bond

A

Force of attraction that holds atoms together.

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6
Q

Energy Level

A

Place in electron is most likely to be found (rings)

2, 8, 18, 32

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7
Q

Atomic Mass

A

Total mass of protons and neutrons in an atom

bottom

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8
Q

Electron

A
  • neg charge
  • electron cloud (found in)

of electrons = atomic # unless its unbalanced

Al^3+ (charge of 3)
^Means 3 more protons than electrons. Atomic # - charge = electrons

Vice Verca 3- means 3 more electrons than atomic #

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9
Q

Neutrons

A
  • no charge
  • nucleus

of neutrons = atomic mass - atomic #

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10
Q

Proton

A
    • charge
  • nucleus
    # of protons in element is ALWAYS the atomic number

ex) Carbon (6) = 6 PROTONS

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11
Q

Nucleus

A

Center of atom where protons and neutrons are found

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12
Q

Element

A

Substance that CANNOT be chemically broken down into simpler substances

ex) Hydrogen, Helium, etc.

A pure substance made of only one kind of atom

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13
Q

Atom

A

Smallest part of an element that can be identified as that element

think bohrs model

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14
Q

Chemical Reaction

A

Process in which new substances with new chem and phys properties are formed.

reactant : substance changed
product: substance formed

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15
Q

Plasma

A

state of matter made up of electrically charged particles

needs high temp and high pressure

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16
Q

Gas

A

No definite shape or volume

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17
Q

Liquid

A

Definite volume, indefinite shape

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18
Q

Solid

A

Definite shape, definite volume

19
Q

Non Metal (properties)

A
  • brittle
  • bad conductor
  • not malleable
  • not shiny
20
Q

Metal properties

A
  • shiny
  • luster
  • ductility
  • malleability
  • ductile
21
Q

Luster

A

glaze/reflective

22
Q

Ductitlity

A

Stretch, bend in response to stress

23
Q

Malleability

A

Bend (typically affected by hammering or “mallet”) ability to be hammered into different shapes.

24
Q

Ductile

A

Ability to be drawn into thin wires

25
Q

Noble Gases

A

Elements that make up group 18 (last group on right of periodic table)

26
Q

Halogens

A

Elements that make up group 17 (2nd to last group on right of periodic table)

27
Q

Compound

A

2 elements mixed together to create a substance
ex) NaCl

A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds

28
Q

Mixtures

A

A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined

29
Q

homogeneous mixture

A

a mixture that is uniform in composition; components are evenly distributed and are not easily distinguished.

30
Q

heterogeneous mixture

A

A mixture in which different components can be distinguished easily

31
Q

Filtration

A

the process that separates a solid from the liquid in a heterogeneous mixture

32
Q

Evaportation

A

The change of state from a liquid to a gas to separate a homogeneous mixture.

33
Q

Distillation

A

A process that separates the substances in a solution based on their boiling points

34
Q

Law of Conservation of Mass

A

Matter is not created nor destroyed in any chemical or physical change

35
Q

Compound Formula

A

Represents the combination of two or more elements.
Symbol= tells you the element
Subscript (#)= tells you the # of atoms

36
Q

To separate mixtures

A
  • Magnetism
  • Filtration
  • Distillation
  • Evaporation
  • Manual
37
Q

Signals Chemical Reaction

A
  • color change
  • bubbling/gas formation
  • temperature change
  • formation of a solid
38
Q

Color

A

Physical Property

39
Q

Flammability

A

Chemical property

40
Q

Digestibility

A

chemical property

41
Q

Density

A

Physical Property

42
Q

Sig Fig Rules

A 
\+ 1-9 Always count
\+ Zeros Between two numbers 1-9 COUNT
 ex) 607 has 3 sig figs
\+ Zeros following numbers do NOT count
 ex) 47, 000 has 2 sig figs

+ If it has a decimal, find the leftmost non zero number. Numbers to the left do NOT count, but ALL numbers to the right count

ex) 8410.00 has 6 sig figs
ex) 0.130 L has 3 sig figs (the first 0 does not count because it is on the left of the leftmost nonzero number
ex) 0.008320 has 4 sig figs

43
Q

Isotope

A

atom with same number of protons but dif number of neutrons (same element)

Chemistry (4 decks)

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