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AP Human > Unit 1 Vocabulary > Flashcards

Unit 1 Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Human Geography

A

One of the two major divisions of geography; the spatial analysis of the human population, its cultures, activities, and landscapes.

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2
Q

Globalization

A

The expansion of economic, political, and cultural processes to the point that they become global in scale and impact.

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3
Q

Physical Geography

A

One of the two major divisions of systematic geography; spatial analysis of the structure, processes, and location of the Earth’s natural phenomena such as climate, soil, plants, animals, and topography.

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4
Q

Scale

A

Representation or a real world phenomena at a certain level

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5
Q

Spatial Distribution

A

Physical location of geographic phenomena across space.

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6
Q

Pattern

A

The design of a spatial distribution.

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7
Q

Medical Geography

A

The study of health and disease within a geographic context and from a geographical perspective.

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8
Q

Pandemic

A

An outbreak of a disease that spreads worldwide.

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9
Q

Epidemic

A

Regional outbreak of a disease.

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10
Q

Spatial Perspective

A

Observing variations in geographic phenomena across space.

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11
Q

Location theory

A

A logical attempt to explain the locational pattern of an economic activity and the manner in which its producing areas are interrelated.

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12
Q

Sense of Place

A

State of mind derived through the infusion of a place with meaning and emotion by remembering important events that occurred in that place or by labeling a place with a certain character.

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13
Q

Movement

A

The mobility of people, goods and ideas across the surface of the planet.

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14
Q

Spatial Interaction

A

Movement between places

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15
Q

Connectivity

A

The degree of direct linkage between one particular location and other locations in a transport network

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16
Q

Landscape

A

The overall appearance of an area.

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17
Q

Cultural Landscape

A

The visible imprint of human activity and culture on the landscape.

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18
Q

Sequent Occupancy

A

The notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape.

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19
Q

Cartography

A

The art and science of making maps, including data compilation, layout, and design.

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20
Q

Reference Maps

A

Maps that show the absolute location of places and geographic features determined by a frame of reference, typically latitude and longitude.

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21
Q

Thematic Maps

A

Maps that tell stories, typically showing the degree of some attribute or the movement of a geographic phenomenon.

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22
Q

Absolute Location

A

The position or place of a certain item on the surface of the Earth as expressed in degrees, minutes and seconds of latitude and longitude.

23
Q

Global Positioning System

A

Satellite-based system for determining the absolute location of places or geographic features.

24
Q

Geocaching

A

A hunt for a cache, the Global Positioning System coordinates which are placed on the Internet by other geocachers.

25
Q

Relative Location

A

The regional position or situation of a place relative to the position of other places.

26
Q

Mental Maps

A

Image or picture of the way space is organized as determined by an individual’s perception, impression and knowledge of that space.

27
Q

Activity Spaces

A

The space within which daily activity occurs.

28
Q

Generalized map

A

Information on the map is not specific.

29
Q

Remote Sensing

A

A method of collecting data or information through the use of instruments that is physically distant from the area or object of study.

30
Q

Geographic Information Systems

A

A collection of computer hardware and software that permits spatial data to be collected, recorded, stored, retrieved, manipulated, analyzed and displayed to the user.

31
Q

Rescale

A

Involvement of players at other scales to generate support for a position or an initiative.

32
Q

Formal Region

A

A type of region marked by a certain degree of homogeneity in one or more phenomena

33
Q

Functional Region

A

A region defined by the particular set of activities or interactions that occur within it.

34
Q

Perceptual Region

A

A region that only exists as a conceptualization or an idea and not as a physically demarcated entity.

35
Q

Culture Complex

A

A related set of cultural traits.

36
Q

Cultural Hearth

A

Heartland, source area, innovation center; place of origin of a major culture.

37
Q

Culture Trait

A

A single element of normal practice in a culture.

38
Q

Cultural Diffusion

A

The expansion and adoption of a cultural element, from its place of origin to a wider area.

39
Q

Independent Invention

A

The term for the trait with many cultural hearths that developed independent of each other.

40
Q

Time Distance Decay

A

The declining degree of acceptance of an idea or innovation with increasing time and distance from its point of origin or source.

41
Q

Cultural Barrier

A

Prevailing cultural attitude rendering certain innovations, ideas or practices unacceptable or unadoptable in that particular culture.

42
Q

Expansion Diffusion

A

The spread of an innovation or an idea through a population in an area in such a way that the number of those influenced grows continuously larger, resulting in an expanding area of dissemination.

43
Q

Contagious Diffusion

A

The distance-controlled spreading of an idea, innovation, or some other item through a local population by contact from person to person.

44
Q

Hierarchical Diffusion

A

A form of diffusion in which an idea or innovation spreads by passing first among the most connected places or peoples.

45
Q

Stimulus Diffusion

A

A form of diffusion in which a cultural adaptation is created as a result of the introduction of a cultural trait from another place.

46
Q

Relocation diffusion

A

Sequential diffusion process in which the items being diffused are transmitted by their carrier agents as they evacuate the old areas and relocate to the new ones.

47
Q

Environmental determinism

A

The view that the natural environment has a controlling influence over various aspects of human life, including cultural development.

48
Q

Isotherms

A

Line on a map connecting points of equal temperature values.

49
Q

Possibilism

A

Geographic viewpoint that holds that human decision making is the crucial factor in cultural development.

50
Q

Cultural Ecology

A

The multiple interaction and relationships between a culture and the natural environment

51
Q

Political Ecology

A

An approach to studying nature-society relations that is concerned with the ways in which environmental issues both reflect and are the result of the political and socioeconomic contexts in which they are situated.

52
Q

Qualitative Data

A

Data that can be arranged into categories based physical traits, gender, colors or anything that does not have a number associated with it.

53
Q

Quantitative Data

A

Data that can be counted or measured and therefore numbers.

54
Q

Sustainability

A

The ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level.

AP Human (7 decks)

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