Unit 1 Vocab + Concepts Flashcards
ABC’s of Pysch
Affect, Behavior, Cognition
Affect
How they appear, body language, facial expression
Behavior
Observable action you can see
Cognition
Though process, what are they thinking
Buddha ideology
Sensations and perceptions combine to form ideas
Socrated Plato, Descartes belief
Knowledge is innate
Aristotle believed
Knowledge was not pre existing and shaped by experience
Descartes discovered
Nerve paths
Bacon
Founder of modern medicine, believed in experimentation, experience, and common sense judgement
John Locke’s theories
Wrote Essay concerning human understanding
Blank slate (mind) in which experience writes on
Tabula Rasa
the view that knowledge originates from experiences and science should therefore rely on observation and experimentation
Empiricism
German professor at Leipzig and creates experimental apparatus
-measured the time from a ball hitting a platform and a person’s reaction by pressing a key
-“Atoms of the Mind”
William Wundt
Brought Psych to US at first lap at John Hopkins University
G Stanley Hall
Uses introspection to reveal structure of human mind
-promoted by Wundt and Titchem
-self reflection as they look at various objects, sensations, feelings
-unreliable because it assumes people were smart and verbal
Structuralism (FIVE BRANCES OF PSYCH)
-explored how mental and behavioral processes function, how they enable an organism to adapt, survive and flourish
-exploration of emotions, memories, and willpower habits and moment to moment streams of consciousness
Functionalism (FIVE BRANCHES OF PSYCH)
-our tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes
-German for whole
Gestalt Psychology (FIVE BRANCHES OF PSYCH)
-Frued’s Theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts
Psychoanalysis (FIVE BRANCHES OF PSYCH)
the study of behavior and thinking using the experiment method
Experimental psych
The view that psychology should be an objective science and that studies behavior without reference to the mental process
Behaviorism
Interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition
Cognitive neuroscience
Science of behavior and mental process
Psychology
The principle that among the range of inherentes trait variations, those contributing most to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations
Natural selection (Darwinism) survival of the fittest
The differing complementary view from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon
Levels of analysis
Integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social cultural levels of analysis
Biopsychosocial approach
Biological influences
Psychological influences
Social-cultural influences
Behavior is determined by brain structure and chemicals, and by inborn responses to external cues for survival and reproduction
-thoughts and behaviors are determined by genes, hormones, neurotransmitters
Biological perspective
Behavior is determined by the interaction of nature and nurture
-thoughts and behaviors are determined by interaction of nature v nurture
-stages of development
Developmental perspective
Behavior is the result of our mental interpretations of our experience
-thoughts and behavior are determined by how we process, interpret and remember experiences
cognitive
Sees behavior as arising from unconscious needs, conflicts, repressed memories, and childhood experiences
-thoughts and behavior are determined by unconscious needs, conflicts, repressed memories, childhood experiences
psychodynamic perspective
Focuses on the influence of self-concept, perceptions, and interpersonal relations, and on need for personal growth
- thoughts and behavior are determined by human growth and potential emphasized individual choice and free will
Humanistic perspective
In accordance with these laws, we respond to stimulus cues and to our history of rewards and punishment
-thoughts and behaviors are determined by conditioning/reward and punishment- we respond to stimulus cues
behavioral perspective
Behavior is heavily influenced by culture, social norms and expectations, and by social learning
-thoughts and behaviors are determined by influence of our culture on determining behavior
Sociocultural perspective
Behavior is determined by natural selection
Evolutionary/sociobiological perspective
-thoughts and behaviors are determined by natural selection “survival of the fittest”
Behavior results from each persons unique combination of traits
trait perspective
-thoughts and behaviors are determined by a combination fo a person’s unique characteristics
Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base
Basic research
The study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning
Educational psychology
The study of an individuals characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting
Personality psych
The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another
Social psych
Scientific study that aims to solve practical problems
applied research
The application of psychological concepts and methods to optimize human’s behavior in the work place.
Industrial-organizational psychology
Branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living and in achieving a greater well being
Counseling psychology
Branch of psych that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders
Clinical psychology
Branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical treatment (drugs) as well as psychological therapy
Psychiatry
Scientific study of human functioning, with the goals of discovering and promoting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities thrive
Positive psychology
Branch of psychology that studies how people interact with their social environments and how social institutions affect individuals and groups
Community psychology
The scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits
Psychometrics
