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AP Human > Unit 1 Vocab > Flashcards

Unit 1 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Mercator Projection

A

Rectangular map projection. The shape of the land is accurate, but the size is greatly distorted.

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2
Q

Gall-Peters Projection

A

Rectangular map projection. The size of the land is accurate, but the shape is greatly distorted.

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3
Q

Robinsons Projection

A

Map projection. A compromise between the Mercator and Gall-Peter’s projection.

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4
Q

Winkel-Tripel Projection

A

Map Projection. Comes close in achieving accurate shape and size. National Geographics official projection.

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5
Q

Polar Projection

A

Map projection that show’s either the Northern or Southern hemisphere with the pole as the center.

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6
Q

Cartography/Cartographer

A

The science of map making/ a map maker

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7
Q

longitude

A

The numbering system that measures locations east or west of the Prime Meridian.

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8
Q

latitude

A

The numbering system that measures locations north and south of the equator.

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9
Q

reference maps

A

Maps that show boundaries, names of locations, and geographical features.

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10
Q

thematic maps

A

Map specifically designed to show a particular theme connected with a specific geographic area.

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11
Q

dot-density map

A

Map that uses a dot symbol to show the presence of a feature of phenomenon.

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12
Q

choropleth map

A

Map in which areas show varing colors to represent the statistical variable being displayed.

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13
Q

graduated symbol map

A

Symbols displayed on the maps in graduated sizes to represent the size of the phenomenon represented.

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14
Q

isoline map

A

A map with lines drawn on the map connecting data points of the same value.

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15
Q

cartogram

A

Map in which areas are sized in proportion to the statistical variable being displayed.

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16
Q

map projection

A

The system used to transfer locations from Earth’s surface to a flat map.

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17
Q

map scale

A

The relationship between the portion of the Earth being studied and Earth as a whole. (1 inch equals 10 miles)

18
Q

spatial patterns

A

The structure, placement, or arrangement of objects on the Earth.

19
Q

geographic information systems (GIS)

A

A computer system for capturing, storing, checking, and displaying geographic data.

20
Q

remote sensing

A

Acquiring information about the earth from the atmosphere or space.

21
Q

GIScience

A

Scientific discipline that studies the techniques to capture, represent, process, and analyze geographic information.

22
Q

global positioning systems (GPS)

A

Satellite-based navigation system. Used to pinpoint locations on the earth.

23
Q

Geotagging

A

The process of adding geographical identification data to various media (i.e. pictures, video, SMS messages, etc)

24
Q

distance-decay

A

The effect of distance on cultural or spatial interactions. (Distance decays somethings influence …)

25
Q

hearth

A

a point of origin. In geography refers to origin of a civilization, custom, religion, innovation, etc.

26
Q

time-space compression

A

Alteration to the relationship between time and space. (Example, distances that at one time would have seemed great, do not appear that way today because of increases in technology and transportation)

27
Q

environmental determinism

A

Theory of how the physical environment predisposes societies and states towards a particular trajectory of development.

28
Q

possibilism

A

Theory that the environment sets certain contraints or limitations, but culture is otherwise determined by social conditions.

29
Q

scales of analysis

A

Set of methods to analyze survey data.

30
Q

formal/uniform region

A

An area in which everyone shares in one or more distinctive characteristics

31
Q

functional/nodal region

A

An area organized around a node or focal point

32
Q

vernacular/perceptual region

A

An area that people believe to exist as part of their cultural identity

33
Q

diffusion

A

The process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time

34
Q

relocation diffusion

A

The spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another.

35
Q

expansion diffusion

A

The spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in a snowballing process

36
Q

stimulus diffusion

A

The spread of an underlying principle, even though a specific characteristic is rejected.

37
Q

hierarchical diffusion

A

The spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places

38
Q

absolute location

A

Describes the exact/fixed location of a place on earth.

39
Q

site

A

The physical character of a place

40
Q

relative location/ situation

A

The location of a place relative to other places.

AP Human (3 decks)

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