Unit 1- Transcription & Translation

Question 1

How is mRNA produced and what does it do?

Answer 1

Produced when DNA in the nucleus is transcribed

mRNA carries a copy of the genetic code

Question 2

How is the primary transcript formed?

Answer 2

When RNA polymerase unwinds and unzips the double helix and aligns RNA nucleotides by complementary base pairing

Question 3

How is a mature mRNA transcript made?

Answer 3

By removing introns and splicing exons from the primary transcript.

Question 4

What is alternative RNA splicing?

Answer 4

It allows different mRNAs to be formed from the same primary transcript depending on which introns and exams are spliced out.

Question 5

What are codons?

Answer 5

Triplets of based on mRNA

Question 6

How is a polypeptide produced?

Answer 6

When mRNA is translated

Question 7

What do codons code for?

Answer 7

Specific amino acids but also start and stop codons which start and stop translation

Question 8

What are ribosomes made from?

Answer 8

rRNA and proteins

Question 9

How is mRNA translated?

Answer 9

mRNA carries a copy of the DNA code from the nucleus to the ribosomes where it is translated

Question 10

Describe tRNA

Answer 10

It is folded because of base pairing

Forms a triple anticodon site and an attachment site for specific amino acids