Unit 1 test review

Question 1

Aristotle teachings

Answer 1

The pursuit of happiness, teleology, human excellence, the mean

Question 2

Kant’s teachings

Answer 2

Theoretical reason, practical reason, Kant’s ethics (God, freedom, immorality), the good will, moral maxims, person as and end not a means

Question 3

Levinas teachings

Answer 3

The sameness of things, singularity of things, the good is infinite, the face as witness of the good, the face as ethical, made responsible by the face

Question 4

Ethics

Answer 4

A discipline that deals with the nature of the good, the nature of the human person, and criteria that we use for making right judgements

Question 5

Morality

Answer 5

A system of right conduct based on fundamental beliefs and obligation to follow certain codes, norms, customs, and habits of behaviour

Question 6

Scream (ethical response)

Answer 6

An automatic respinse which urges you to not think but act (Personal Response)

Question 7

Beggar (ethical response)

Answer 7

Reminds us of our responsibility to others (Face to Face)

Question 8

Obligation (ethical response)

Answer 8

Obeying a rule or law that has everything to do with your ethical side

Question 9

Contrast (ethical response)

Answer 9

Feeling out raged by something blantley unjust or unfair happening to others

Question 10

The mean

Answer 10

Aristotle was very aware of the need to maintain balance in our actions. We are to avoid excess, but not necessarily to avoid something completely.

Question 11

The face as the witness of God

Answer 11

The face is unique and different individually which represents a gift from God

Question 12

The face is ethical

Answer 12

The face you see it and understand it is good because it is gods creation and is by definition “good”

Question 13

Made responsible by the face

Answer 13

Levinas insists our face makes us responsible for one another and that we are called to serve eachother

Question 14

Moral maxims (Kant)

Answer 14

To be ethical an action must have an objective principle (not subjective or situational). To be a principle, it must apply to everyone

Question 15

The person as an end, not a means

Answer 15

Always keep the dignity of a person in mind – do not use people.

Question 16

Teleology

Answer 16

Having to do with the design or purpose of something

Question 17

Deontology

Answer 17

“Deon” means duty. An action is ethical if it’s ones duty. No pressure derived.

Question 18

Summom Bonum

Answer 18

The supreme good, which we achieve through moral acts (third moral maxim)

Question 19

Categorical Imperative

Answer 19

(Unconditional command) Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time it should become and universal law

Question 20

Universalization (First Maxim)

Answer 20

A.You should not carry out an activity unless you believe that all people should act the same way. There cannot be one rule for one and a different rule for another

B. A moral code must treat human beings with respect and not just as a means to an end.

C. Act as though you are a member of the universal kingdom of ends. The Kingdom of ends is a society made of people all entitled to be treated with the same dignity

Question 21

Kingdom of Ends

Answer 21

Everyone in the ‘kingdom’ respects everyone else (second moral maxim)

Question 22

Eudamonia

Answer 22

Aristotle believed happiness is the fundamental goal of life

Question 23

Duty

Answer 23

Not to act in maxims that result in logical contradictions when we universalise them

Question 24

Objective

Answer 24

To be ethical an action must have an objective principle (not subjective or situational)

Question 25

Revelation

Answer 25

The ways that God makes himself known to humankind. God is fully revealed in Jesus Christ. The sacred scriptures, proclaimed within the church, are the revealed Word of God. God also reveals self through people and indeed through all of creation.

Question 26

Responsibility

Answer 26

Being morally accountable for one’s actions. Responsibility presumes knowledge, freedom, and the ability to choose and act.

Question 27

Reason

Answer 27

The supreme human virtue

Question 28

Virtue

Answer 28

When people seek to become who they are intended to be, they develop habits that represent the best of what it means to be human. Aristotle calls these excellences virtues.

Question 29

Messiah

Answer 29

The title given to the saving leader who was hoped for by the Jews. Later the title was applied to Jesus, who Christians believe fulfilled the hope of the Jews. The word messiah is derived from a Hebrew word meaning “anointed.”

Question 30

Transcendent

Answer 30

Something that is transcendent goes beyond normal limits or boundaries, because it is more significant than them. God transcends our usual physical experience.

Question 31

Exegesis

Answer 31

Analyzing religious texts in their original context. It means understanding the historical, social, cultural, and linguistic context if the original author to understand the original meaning.

Question 32

Incarnation

Answer 32

“Into the Flesh” The official church teaching that God took on human nature in Jesus. Jesus was therefore fully human and fully divine.

Question 33

Hermeneutics

Answer 33

Interpreting religious texts to help us to apply the religious meaning to us today.

Question 34

Pentecost

Answer 34

The event in which the gift of the Holy Spirit was poured out on the disciples, transforming them into courageous witnesses to the risen Jesus. This is described in the Acts of the Apostles. Pente means 50. Pentecost took place 50 days after the Ascension of Jesus and ninety days after the resurrection of Jesus.

Question 35

Epistles

Answer 35

The common method of written communication in Paul’s era. The word epistle means “letter: -most letters in New Testament are written by St. Paul – original name Saul

Question 36

Nicene Creed

Answer 36

Similar to the apostles Creed. Issued by the Council of Nicea in which the question of the nature of Jesus’ divinity was clarified and the nature of the Trinity was established.

Question 37

Essential Catholic Tradition

Answer 37

Things that cannot change overtime because if it changes it’s not christianity

Question 38

How many stages of Faith Development are there?

Answer 38

Childhood, adolescence, adult

Question 39

Septuagint

Answer 39

The amount of books in the bible

Question 40

Canon

Answer 40

"canon" refers to the official list of books accepted as Scripture or the body of laws (canon law) governing the Church.

Question 40

Mediate Revelation

Answer 40

mediate revelation refers to the way God reveals divine truths indirectly, often through intermediaries like prophets, sacred texts, or religious authorities.

Question 41

Positive assistance therory

Answer 41

The Positive Assistance Theory in religion, particularly in Catholic theology, refers to the belief that the Holy Spirit guided the human authors of the Bible, ensuring that they conveyed God's intended message without error.

Question 42

Natural Law

Answer 42

For Aristotle, natural law refers to the idea that certain moral principles are inherent in human nature and can be understood through reason.

Question 43

Autonomy

Answer 43

Autonomy refers to the capacity of a rational individual to make moral decisions independently, guided by reason alone rather than external influences.