Unit 1 Test Flashcards
site
the physical characteristics of a place
situation
the location of a place relative to other places
absolute distance
an exact measurement between two spots
cultural landscape
the human built landscapes of the environment showing what the culture values
relative distance
the amount of social, cultural, or economic connectivity between two places; the position of a place relative to the places around it
absolute location
specific coordinates; generally longitude and latitude
connectivity
the degree to which two or more places interact in various ways; correlated to their accessibility and proximity
friction of distance
the phenomenon of decreasing connectivity and interaction as distance increases
space-time compression
the shrinking time distance between locations because of improved methods of transportation and communication
environmental determinism
the belief that land forms and climate are the most powerful forces shaping human behavior and societal development
possiblism
a view that acknowledges limits of the effects of the natural environment and focuses more on the role that human culture plays
distance decay
the concept of the inverse relationship between distance and connection
cartography
the science of map making
cartogram
in which the sizes of countries(states, counties, etc.) are shown according to some specific statistic
hearth
the place from which an innovation originates
cultural ecology
geographic approach that emphasizes human-environment relationships
sequent occupance
a concept used to describe the current cultural landscape of a region, as a combination of all the cultures which have sequentially occupied the region from the past to present
levels of scale
fraction/ration, written statement, graphic bar scale
spatial association
the degree to which things are arranged in a space - similar distributions = stronger spatial association
toponym
general name for a place or geographical entity
transnational
extending or operating across national boundries
acculturation
one or more culture’s adaption to another culture, typically the dominant one
smaller map scale = bigger or smaller map?
bigger map
arithmetic density
the number of objects per distance
physiological density
number of people per arable land
agricultural density
number of farmers per arable land
relocation diffusion
the spread of an idea through the physical movement of people
hierarchical diffusion
the spread of an idea from a person/place of authority
contagious diffusion
rapid widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population
stimulus diffusion
when an underlying concept spreads even if the original product does not
What is GIS, and what is its main use?
A computer system mainly used to create maps using different layers
What is remote sensing primarily used for?
environmental purposes - mapping vegetation, large unpopulated areas, weather patterns
What is a formal region and what is an example?
a region where people share a common characteristic - ex. in France, most people speak French
What is a functional region and what is an example?
a region that is organized around a focal point - ex. a country is a functional region, the capital city is the political node
What is a perceptual region and what is an example?
a region that people value as part of their cultural identity - ex. “the south” in America
Where is the Prime Meridian?
0 degrees longitude
Where is the International Date Line?
180 degrees longitude
If you are traveling east over the international date line, do you go back or forward 24 hours?
back 24 hours
What are the 3 types of density and what do they mean?
arithmetic - number of objects per area
physiological - number of people per arable land
agricultural - number of farmers per arable land
What are the two types of concentration?
clustered and dispersed
What are the 3 types of pattern and what do they mean?
linear -straight line
regular - newer/more efficient
irregular - older/less efficient
What is an example of relocation diffusion?
the spread of religion through the movement of people, the spread of AIDS across the U.S.
What is an example of expansion diffusion?
the rapid spread of preventative methods for AIDS
