Unit 1 test

Question 1

An arc of rich farmland in southwest Asia

Answer 1

Fertile Crescent

Question 2

A plan located near the mediterranean sea

Answer 2

Mesopotamia

Question 3

A city that acts like and independent country

Answer 3

City-State

Question 4

A series of rulers from the same family

Answer 4

Dynasty

Question 5

An idea that spreads from one culture to another

Answer 5

Cultural Diffusion

Question 6

Belief in many gods

Answer 6

Polytheism

Question 7

Several nations under the control of one ruler

Answer 7

Empire

Question 8

Babylonian King, created Hammurabi’s Code

Answer 8

Hammurabi

Question 9

A member of a group that has no home and travels place to place for food and water

Answer 9

Nomad

Question 10

A period in human history, beginning around 3000 BC, in which people began using bronze rather than copper or stone

Answer 10

Bronze Age

Question 11

The development of skills in a particular kind of work, such as trading or record keeping

Answer 11

Specialization

Question 12

a prehistoric period lasting from 2500000 BC to 8000 BC during which people made use of crude stone tools and weapons.

Answer 12

Paleolithic Age

Question 13

Trading or exchanging goods without money

Answer 13

Barter

Question 14

A professional record keeper in early civilizations

Answer 14

Scribe

Question 15

A skilled worker who makes goods by hand (weaver or potter)

Answer 15

Artisan

Question 16

A farming method in which people clear fields by cutting and burning trees and grasses, the ashes of which serve to fertilize soil

Answer 16

Slash - and - Burn farming

Question 17

A prehistoric period that began about 8000 BC and in some areas ended as soon as 3000 BC during which people learned to polish stone tools, make pottery, grow crops, and raise animals

Answer 17

Neolithic Age

Question 18

Taming animals for human use

Answer 18

Domestication

Question 19

Member of a biological group including human beings and related species that walk upright

Answer 19

Hominid

Question 20

A tiered, pyramid-shaped structure that formed part of a Sumerian temple

Answer 20

Ziggurat

Question 21

A long-lasting pattern of organization in a community

Answer 21

Institution

Question 22

A member of a nomadic group whose food supply depends on hunting animals and collecting plant foods

Answer 22

Hunter-Gatherer

Question 23

A form of culture specialized by cities, specialized workers, complex institutions, record keeping, and advanced technology

Answer 23

Civilization

Question 24

Biological species in which modern human beings belong

Answer 24

Homo Sapiens

Question 25

A system of writing with wedge-shaped symbols

Answer 25

Cuneiform

Question 26

The way in which people apply knowledge, tools, and invention to meet their needs

Answer 26

Technology

Question 27

A people’s unique way of life, as shown by its tools, customs, arts, and ideas

Answer 27

Culture

Question 28

A human-made object, such as a tool, a weapon, or a piece of jewelry

Answer 28

Artifact

Question 29

According to Jared Diamond, what are the three major elements that separate the world’s “haves” from the “have nots”?

Answer 29

Guns, Germs, and Steel

Question 30

Jared Diamond refers to the people of New Guinea as “among the world’s most culturally diverse and adaptable people in the world”, yet they have much less than modern Americans. Diamond has developed a theory about what has caused these huge discrepancies among different countries, and he says it boils down to geographic luck. Give several examples from the film to support Diamond’s theory.

Answer 30

It was expected for the westerners to have a lot of resources and the New Guinea people to have little amount of technology and a little amount of resources that were available to them every day.

Question 31

For thousands of years, people have been cultivating crops. Describe the process used to domesticate crops and create plants that yielded bigger, tastier harvests.

Answer 31

They planted the seeds and plants at certain times of each year. They located bodies of water and planted the crops there where there was easy access and good soil. They then chose the biggest, tastiest, and easiest to harvest plant seeds and scattered them in the soil where they could grow into more and more plants.

Question 32

According to Diamond, livestock also plays a significant role in a civilization’s ability to
become rich and powerful. How did the domestication of animals help people? Give several examples.

Answer 32

Domestication helped people kill them food, use them as clothes, and the animals could help us with farming. They helped humans with a plow allowing is to cover more ground and feed more people.

Question 33

List the animals that can be domesticated and where they can be found.

Answer 33

Goats, sheep, Llamas, elephants, pigs, cows, horses, donkeys, camels, water buffalo, yaks

South america, north africa, asia, europe is where you can find these animals

Question 34

Looking at the list of animals and locations from question 5, discuss how Diamond’s theory about geographic luck applies here.

Answer 34

Animals that were domesticated were more productive than animals that weren’t

Question 35

How did the movement of the early civilizations of the Fertile Crescent (Middle East) further support Diamond’s idea that geography played a key role in the success of a civilization?

Answer 35

The fertile crescent was a large land area with some of the most fragile and nutritious crops. The domesticated animals they had helped them with farming. The land was too dry forcing the people to leave this area.

Question 36

Do you agree with Jared Diamond when he says of a civilization’s ability to gain power,
wealth, and strength, “…what’s far more important is the hand that people have been dealt, the raw materials they’ve had at their disposal.” Why or why not?

Answer 36

I do agree, if you live in a reasonable temperature and with farm animals, you will have a successful growing up but if you live in an unfortunate atmosphere, you will struggle while growing up.