unit 1 test Flashcards
what is a member of a group that has no permanent home, in search for food and water?
nomads
what is the period in human history where people began using bronze rather than copper or stone?
bronze age
what is the development of particular skills?
specialization
what is a prehistoric period when people made use of crude stone tools and weapons?
paleolithic age
what is the form of trade in which people exchange goods without money?
barter
who are the professional record keepers in early civilizations?
scribes
who makes goods by hand?
artisans
what is the way of farming where people clear fields by cutting and burning trees and grass?
slash and burn farming
what is the prehistoric period where people learned to polish stone tools, grow crops, and raise animals?
neolithic age
whats the taming of animals for human use?
domestication
what is a member of a biologic group including human beings and related to species that walk upright?
hominid
whats the tiered, pyramid structure that formed part of the Sumerian temple?
Ziggurat
whats the long lasting pattern of organization in a community?
institution
what member of a nomadic group’s food supply relies on hunting animals and collecting plants?
hunter gatherer
what form of culture is characterized by cities, workers, institutions, record keeping, and technology?
civilization
which species do human beings belong to?
homo sapiens
what is the system of writing with wedge shaped symbols?
cuneiform
what is the way where people apply knowledge, tools, and inventions to meet needs?
technology
what is a people’s unique way of life?
culture
a human made object is called a ?
artifact
what were the first major achievements of the africans?
fire, stone tools, and language
how long ago did humans emerge from south western africa?
200,000 yrs ago
what are the characteristics of civilization?
specialized workers, record keeping, complex institutions, advanced cities, and advanced technology
what did economic changes cause?
it caused elaborate irrigation systems to be built to create more land and crops
what did social changes cause?
it caused special groups of workers to be formed and social classes of different wealth emerged
who were one of the first groups of people to form a civilization that stood out?
the Sumerians
what were sumerians known for?
arithmetic, geometry, architectural innovations, and cuneiform
what was the curved rich land of southwest asia called?
the fertile crescent
where was the
“land between the rivers”?
mesopotamia
what is a city that controls its surrounding land?
a city state
what is a series of rulers in one family called?
a dynasty
the belief of multiple gods is called?
polytheism
what is the spreading of a new product or idea?
cultural diffusion
the bringing of nations together is ?
an empire
who created the code of laws?
hammurabi
what were the 3 environmental challenges sumerians faced?
unpredictable flooding, no natural barriers, and limited resources
what did hammurabis code cover?
stealing, hate, fault, and slavery
what is the longest river in the world?
the nile
the narrow strip along the nile produced?
fertile soil
what was the egyptians government?
theocracy
what is the large marshy area at the nile called?
the delta
who wore the crown of lower egypt?
narmer
who were considered gods (almost as powerful as heavens)?
pharaohs
where was the resting place for pharaohs after death?
a pyramid
what was the process of embalming to prevent bodies from decaying called?
mummification
what was the “sacred carving”?
heiroglyphics
what was the egyptian writing surface?
papyrus
the nile enters into what sea?
the mediterranean sea
where did women have more rights?
ancient egypt
what did hieroglyphs represent?
religious words, parts of words, and adorned temples
what was papyrus made from?
reeds from the nile
