ancient greece Flashcards
who were the myceneans
people who settles on greek mainland
what was the trojan war
when the myceneans fought a 10 yr war against troy
what were myths
traditional stories about greek gods
why did nearness to the sea help greeks
it helped them develop because they became skilled sailors, which helped with trade, given their limited resources
what did the myceneans develop from the minoans
seaborne trade, artistic designs, writing system, religion, politics, and literature
why were the epics important
because rather than writing stories down, they were told by spoken word
what was polis
a fundamental political unit in ancient greece
acropolis
agora, marketplace, or hilltop where people discussed government
monarchy
king ruled government
aristocracy
government ruled by a small group of land owning families
olarchy
government ruled by a few powerful people
tyrants
rulers that appeal to the common people
helots
peasants forced to stay on the land they worked on
phalanx
fearsome formation
persian wars
greece vs persian empire
what did solon and cleisthenes organize
the citizens for the development of athenian democracy
why did athens benefit in the persian wars
because the golden age began
direct democracy
citizens rule directly
classical art
portray ideal beauty not realism
tragedy
a serious drama
comedy
slapstick situations and crude humor
peloponnesian war
athens vs sparta
philosophers
“lovers of wisdom”
socrates
believed in standards that exist for truth and justice
plato
student of socrates
aristotle
questioned the world’s nature
what did pericles do to strengthen athen’s democracy
he increased the number of public officials who had paid salaries
what were athen’s and sparta’s battle strategies
athens: avoiding land battles, striking from the sea
sparta: striking from land, burning athenian food supply
phillip ii
king of macedonia - dreamed of control of greece
macedonia
north of greece
alexander the great
proclaimed himself kind and was considered great because of his many accomplishments
darius iii
the persian king who raised a large army to crush invaders
how was phillip ii able to conquer greece
by organizing his troops into phalanxes - he used this to break through enemy lines
hellenistic
the blending of greek, egyptian, persian, and indian cultures
alexandria
foremost center of commerce
euclid
a high regarded mathematician
archimedes
a hellenistic scientist
collossus of rhodes
largest hellenistic statue
