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HHP 123 > Unit 1 Test > Flashcards

Unit 1 Test Flashcards

1
Q

The heart, blood, and blood vessels combine to form which of the following?

A

an organ system

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2
Q

Regarding components of negative feedback in thermoregulation, what is the correlative of the skeletal muscles?

A

effector

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3
Q

The membrane covering the surface of the lung is referred to as the

A

visceral pleura

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4
Q

The thymus is associated with which organ system?

A

endocrine

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5
Q

In the terminology of planes and sections, which example includes two terms with identical meanings?

A

frontal/coronal

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6
Q

Which number identifies the olecranal region of the body?

A

3

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7
Q

The pituitary and thyroid glands are components of the

A

endocrine system

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8
Q

The arm is to brachium as the cheek is to ________.

A

buccal

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9
Q

Which of the following regions corresponds to the foot?

A

pes

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10
Q

A person who is lying on his or her stomach is said to be in the

A

prone position

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11
Q

A cardiologist studies the human body mainly with an approach resembling

A

systematic anatomy

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12
Q

Describe the regional term “antecubitis.”

A

front of elboe

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13
Q

Phospholipids consist of ________ linked to a non-lipid group by a phosphate group.

A

a glycerol and two fatty acids

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14
Q

Which of the following is an essential component of organic compounds?

A

hydrogen

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15
Q

Amino acids contain a central carbon atom adjacent to a(n) ________ group and a(n) ________ group.

A

amino; carboxyl

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16
Q

A(n) ________ bond is a covalent bond that stores an unusually large capacity to perform work.

A

high-energy

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17
Q

Which of the following is inorganic?

A

sodium

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18
Q

Enzymes

A

function as biological catalysts

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19
Q

A DNA nucleotide specifically consists of

A

a deoxyribose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group

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20
Q

Matter containing two atoms of the same element that are bonded together by shared electrons are called

A

molecules

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21
Q

AB –> A + B is to decomposition as A + B AB is to

A

reversible

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22
Q

Identify the polysaccharide in the following list of molecules.

A

glycogen

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23
Q

Lipids are used for which of the following?

A

to form essential structural components of cells

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24
Q

In a molecule of hydrogen, a pair of electrons is shared equally. Such a bond is called a(n)

A

nonpolar covalent bond

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25
Q

Which of the following is an example of a strong base?

A

NaOH

26
Q

The reaction N2 + 3H2 –> 2NH3 would be an example of a(n)

A

synthesis reaction

27
Q

The nucleic acid DNA

A

is double stranded

28
Q

If a polypeptide contains 9 peptide bonds, how many amino acids does it contain?

A

10

29
Q

The smallest living things are

A

cells

30
Q

The process by which cells become specialized is called ________.

A

differentiation

31
Q

The process of synthesizing a protein from mRNA instructions is called

A

translation

32
Q

DNA contains the nucleotide thymine, but RNA uniquely contains ________, which is complementary to adenine.

A

uracil

33
Q

Amino acids are carried to the ribosomes to be incorporated into polypeptide chains by which molecule?

A

tRNA

34
Q

Which of the following is an example of membranous organelles?

A

lysosomes

35
Q

The type of RNA that holds an initial copy of the genetic information is the

A

mRNA

36
Q

The DNA triplet is the same sequence as the ________, except that U replaces T.

A

anticodon

37
Q

Use Figure 3-3 to answer the following question:

Choose the correct description for the preceding image.

A

as water moves out of the cell, crenation occurs

38
Q

The process that occurs when hydrostatic pressure pushes materials through a membrane is called

A

filtration

39
Q

The folds of the internal membrane within mitochondria are called

A

cristae

40
Q

When genes are switched off to allow a cell to restrict or specialize its functions, the process is called

A

differentiation

41
Q

Using the preceding image, determine the correct sequence of events in the primary process, which begins when target molecules (ligands) bind to receptors in the plasma membrane.

  1. Ligands are removed and absorbed into the cytoplasm.
  2. The membrane containing the receptor molecules detaches from the lysosome.
  3. Pockets pinch off, forming coated vesicles.
  4. Areas coated with ligands form deep pockets in the membrane surface.
  5. The vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane.
  6. Coated vesicles fuse with lysosomes.
A

4, 3, 6, 1, 2, 5

42
Q

The cell’s ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is produced by the

A

nucleoli

43
Q

The nucleus ultimately controls the synthesis of which of the following molecules?

A

proteins

44
Q

The nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane called the ________.

A

nuclear envelope

45
Q

In which type of cell junction are two cells held together by embedded membrane proteins called connexons?

A

gap junction

46
Q

Which is the least common type of connective tissue fibers?

A

reticular fibers

47
Q

Epithelial cells that are adapted for moving material across their apical surface usually have ________.

A

cilia

48
Q

smooth muscle tissue is known as ________ muscle.

A

striated involuntary

49
Q

Identify the type of connective tissue that strengthens and supports areas subjected to stresses from many directions.

A

dense irregular connective tissue

50
Q

The type of epithelium that is found in the exchange surfaces of the lungs is

A

simple squamous

51
Q

Simple squamous epithelium would be found

A

lining blood vessels

52
Q

The most common type of cartilage is

A

hyaline

53
Q

Which type of tissue contains neuroglial cells?

A

nueral

54
Q

Smooth muscle differs from the other two types of muscle tissue because

A

of its arrangement of actin and myosin filaments

55
Q

The process of tissue repair where damaged tissue is replaced or repaired to restore normal function is called

A

regeneration

56
Q

Which connective tissue type provides insulation?

A

adipose tissue

57
Q

Which of the following is a function of epithelial tissues?

A

control permeability

58
Q

Exocrine secretions are discharged onto some external or internal body surface through a(n) ________.

A

duct

59
Q

What is the primary function of any serous membrane?

A

it minimizes friction between the opposing surfaces when an organ moves or changes shape

60
Q

Which type of epithelium secretes enzymes and buffers in the pancreas and salivary glands?

A

simple cuboidal

HHP 123 (2 decks)

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