Unit 1 Terms

Question 1

Western Bloc

Answer 1

• capitalist
• led by US
• NATO
• 3/4 Germany and Berlin
• Belgium, Denmark, Britain, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Canada, Greece, Turkey and West Germany

Question 2

Eastern Bloc

Answer 2

• communist
• led by USSR (Soviet Union)
• Warsaw Pact
• 1/4 Germany and Berlin
• Poland, Czechoslovakia, Romania, Hungary, Albania, East Germany and Bulgaria

Question 3

Communism

Answer 3

A theory or system of social organisation in which all property is owned by the community and each person contributes and receives according to their ability and needs.

Question 4

Capitalism

Answer 4

An economic and political system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit rather than by the state.

Question 5

Soviet Union (USSR)

Answer 5

A

Question 6

Anti-communist propaganda

Answer 6

A

Question 7

Anti-capitalist propaganda

Answer 7

A

Question 8

Second Red Scare

Answer 8

A

Question 9

Red Army

Answer 9

A

Question 10

Joseph Stalin

Answer 10

A

Question 11

NATO

Answer 11

NATO (North American Treaty Organization) is an agreement between many countries that what affecs one country, affects all that signed.

Question 12

Warsaw Pact

Answer 12

A

Question 13

The Berlin Airlift

Answer 13

A

Question 14

The Berlin Blockade

Answer 14

A

Question 15

The Marshall Plan

Answer 15

A

Question 16

The Berlin Wall

Answer 16

A

Question 17

Iron Curtain

Answer 17

A

Question 18

Harry Truman

Answer 18

A

Question 19

Checkpoint Charlie

Answer 19

A

Question 20

German Democratic Republic (GDR)

Answer 20

A

Question 21

Fascism

Answer 21

A political philosophy, movement, or regime that exalts nation and often race above the individual and that stands for a centralized autocratic government headed by a dictatorial leader, severe economic and social regimentation, and forcible suppression of opposition

Question 22

Yalta Conference

Answer 22

A

Question 23

Potsdam Conference

Answer 23

A

Question 24

Arms race

Answer 24

A competition between nations for superiority in the development and accumulation of weapons, especially between the US and the former Soviet Union during the Cold War.

Question 25

INF Treaty

Answer 25

A

Question 26

Space Race

Answer 26

A

Question 27

Apollo 11

Answer 27

A

Question 28

Sputnik

Answer 28

A

Question 29

NASA

Answer 29

NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Adminisration) is an independent agency of the United States Federal Government that deals with space exploration and aeronautics.

Question 30

Dissident (soviet)

Answer 30

A person who opposes official policy, especially that of an authoritarian state.

Question 31

Espionage

Answer 31

A

Question 32

Female espionage

Answer 32

A

Question 33

CIA

Answer 33

The CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) is the US federal agency that coordinates governmental intelligence activities outside the United States.

Question 34

KGB

Answer 34

The KGB (Komitet Gosudarstvennoy Bezopasnosti, which translates to Committee for State Security) was the intelligence and internal-security agency of the former Soviet Union, organized in 1954 and responsible for enforcement of security regulations, protection of political leaders, the guarding of borders, and clandestine operations abroad

Question 35

Moles

Answer 35

A

Question 36

Gouzenko Affair

Answer 36

A

Question 37

Solidarity

Answer 37

Solidarity was a trade union in Poland that was established in 1980 because Poles didn’t like Soviet interference and the Red Army in their country. It was led by Lech Wałęsa and had 10 million members but it was banned and the leaders were arrested in 1982. The US and Pope John Paul II helped Solidarity and in 1989 new elections were held and Solidarity formed a coalition and anti-communist government.

Question 38

Perestroika

Answer 38

Perestroika was one of the policies Gorbachev inacted after became the leader in 1985. The policy of perestroika was meant to “rebuild” the soviet state by loosening centralized control and allowing the creation of co-op businesses. It led to dangerous inflation and eventually the fall of the Soviet Union.