Unit 1: Skeletal System - Joints

Question 1

Name the 3 Types of Joint in the human skeleton

Answer 1

1. Fibrous
2. Cartilagenous
3. Synovial

Question 2

Identify the common structures of a Synovial Joint.

Answer 2

• Joint Cavity
• Synovial Membrane
• Synovial Fluid
• Joint Capsule
• Ligament
• Hyaline / Articular Cartilage
• Bone (spongy cancellous bone)

Question 3

What classification of Synovial Joint is this?

Answer 3

Ball & Socket - The shoulder. Also found at the Hip

Question 4

What classification of Synovial Joint is this?

Answer 4

Hinge Joint - The Knee. Also found at the Elbow.

Question 5

What classification of Synovial Joint is this?

Answer 5

Gliding Joint - Intertarsal joints of the foot. Also found between the Carpals of the hand (intercarpal joints)

Question 6

What classification of Synovial Joint is this?

Answer 6

Saddle Joint - base of the Thumb, between the Carpal & Metacarpal.

Question 7

What classification of Synovial Joint is this?

Answer 7

Condyloid Joint - Found between the Radius & Carpals (radiocarpal). Also found between some metacarpals and phalanges / metatarsals and phalanges.

Question 8

What classification of Synovial Joint is this?

Answer 8

Pivot Joint - Between the Atlas & Axis vertebrae of the neck. Also found between Radius and Ulna of the forearm

Question 9

Bending of the arm at the elbow involves what movement?

Answer 9

Flexion

Question 10

Kicking a football requires what movement to occur at the knee?

Answer 10

Extension

Question 11

Turning the head from side to side is called?

Answer 11

Rotation of the neck

Question 12

Moving the arm in towards the body is called?

Answer 12

Adduction

Question 13

Combining Flexion, Abduction, Extension and Adduction in sequence is referred to as…?

Answer 13

Circumduction

Question 14

These movements can only occur at the ankle, involving the foot

Answer 14

Dorsi-flexion (raising the toes) and Plantar flexion (pointing the toes)

Question 15

These movements commonly occur at the wrist, involving the forearm and hand in movement

Answer 15

Supination (turning palm upwards) or Pronation (turning the palm downwards)

Question 16

A tennis player preparing to play a forehand shot will make what initial movement of their arm?

Answer 16

Abduction of the shoulder (moving the arm away from the midline of the body)

Question 17

What are the 3 planes of the human body that movements can occur in? Briefly describe each

Answer 17

1. Frontal Plane = front – back
2. Sagittal Plane = left – right (sides)
3. Transverse Plane = top – bottom

Question 18

What are the 3 axes that human movement can occur about?

Answer 18

1. Frontal Axis = Somersault axis
2. Sagittal Axis = Cartwheel axis
3. Longitudinal Axis = Twist axis