Unit 1: Skeletal System - Functions & Types Of Bone Flashcards
The skeleton has 7 functions. What are they?
- Provide Shape & Support 2. Movement / Leverage 3. Protection 4. Blood Cell Production 5. Mineral Storage 6. Attachment of Soft Tissue 7. Bone Growth
These cells are responsible for bone growth
Osteoblasts
What is a Long Bone, and what is its function?
Longer than wide; consisting of a hollow shaft of compact bone with enlarged ends made of spongy, cancellous bone. Function is to bear weight and provide leverage for movement
Describe the structure and function of an Irregular Bone
Variety of shapes, often randomly shaped. Have projections and processes. Various functions, including protection and muscle attachment. E.g., The Vertebrae
The longest bone of the body is…?
Femur
Where is the humerus found?
Upper arm (Basic) Superior arm, attaching at the shoulder girdle (Perfect!)
What 3 bones have fused to make up the pelvis?
- Ilium
- Ischium
- Pubis
What are the 5 regions of the vertebral column called?
- Cervical
- Thoracic
- Lumbar
- Sacrum / Sacral
- Coccyx
What type of bone is the scapula?
Flat bone
How does the skeletal system allow for the attachment of skeletal muscle?
Soft tissue attachment Bones have irregular shapes, often with bony points (protrusions) or grooves where muscles can attach
Give an example of how the skeleton protects us
- Cranium: natural crash helmet, protecting the brain
- Ribs: protect the lungs & heart Sternum: protects the heart
How does the skeleton produce blood cells
In the bone marrow, normally of long bones
What are the 2 parts of the human skeleton called?
What are the 3 regions of the hand?
- Carpals
- Metacarpals
- Phalanges
What are the 3 regions of the foot?
- Tarsals
- Metatarsals
- Phalanges
How many ribs do we have?
12 pairs, separated into groups:
- True Ribs: 7 pairs, Attached at both front & back
- False Ribs: 3 pairs, Attached to back and ribs above at front by cartilage
- Floating Ribs: 2 pairs, Attach only at back, appearing to float at front
The 5 types of bone are…?
- Long
- Short
- Flat
- Irregular
- Sesamoid
What is the function of a Sesamoid Bone?
Assist movement across a joint - they sit inside a tendon, providing a smooth surface for them to run over
What is the main function of a flat bone?
Protection of our internal organs
There are 3 types of Connective Tissue - what are they, and what do they do?
Tendons: attach muscle to bone, transferring contraction forces
Ligaments: attach bone to bone, stabilising joints
Cartilage: covers the ends of bone, providing shock absorption
A bone towards the top of the body is referred to as…
Superior
The terms relating to position and the mid-line of the body when at a joint are?
Medial: towards the Mid-line of the body
Lateral: towards the outside of the joint
The front of the body is called?
Anterior
The back of the body is called?
Posterior
