Unit 1 Session 3 Flashcards by JODY MCCLEERY

What part of the brain? Phonological Processing System.
Pronunciation, Articulation
(Speech sounds input and output)
Located in the base

Frontal Lobe (located in the base)

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What part of the brain? Language Comprehension and connecting spoken words with their meanings (word analysis, sound- symbol connection.)

Temporal Lobe

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What part of the brain? Orthographic processing system. Which is the location fo the visual word form area or the “brain’s letterbox”

Occipital Lobe

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What part of the brain? Phonological Processing System.
phoneme analysis and phoneme-grapheme (or phonemegrapheme) association
Located in the top back part…

Frontal Lobe (Located in the top back part)

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What part of the brain? phonological and orthographic processing systems connect within 250 milliseconds (less than a quarter of a second) after the eyes see a printed word.

Planum temporale- at the junction of the parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes

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What part of the brain? This area is critical for mapping phonemes to graphemes or associating speech with printed symbols.

Planum temporale- at the junction of the parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes

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Orthograhic processing system-which subsumes the so called “visual” aspects of reading is on the ______ side of the brain that serves language and is wired into the language centers. (letter/word recognition. )

Left side of the brain (in the occipital lobe)

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What part of the brain?
The “brain’s letterbox” is specialized for processing printed words, and is not specialized for processing any other visual, nonverbal stimuli such as objects, faces, or places.

Occipital Lobe

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Learning to recognize words depends heavily on accurate matching of recognized written symbols with spoken language and the eventual connection of these sound patterns with meaning.

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What part of the brain?

Phoneme Analysis, Phoneme- Grapheme association (word analysis, sound- symbol connection.)

Temporal Lobe

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What part of the brain? 
Knowledge
*prior knowlege
*experineces
*apathy
*inference

Parietal Lobe

*from readingeducator

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What part of the brain?
Curiosity and Creativity (art)
*enquiry
*questioning
*interest
*wonder

Occipital Lobe

*from readingeducator

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What part of the brain?
Cognitive
*active plus reading
*decoding
*language comprehension
*linguistics

Temporal Lobe

*from readingeducator

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What part of the brain?
Grit
*determination
*stickability 
*resilience
*attitude

Frontal Lobe

*from readingeducator

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Learning to recognize words depends heavily on accurate matching of recognized written symbols with spoken language and the eventual connection of those sound patterns with meanings.

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The mental process used to store words for immediate and effortless retrieval. It requires phonemic awareness, letter-sound knowledge, and the mechanism for sight word learning.

Orthographic Mapping

Instruction should aim to educate all of the processing systems and enable them to work together.

The Four-Part Processing Model

The Four-Part Processing Model for Word Recognition

Context, Meaning, Phonological, Orthographic
(Phonological and Orthographic are connected by Phonics)
Context

                                Meaning

Phonological (phonics) Orthographic

The mental dictionary in every person’s phonological processing system

Lexicon

Encompasses several areas in the brain, enables us to perceive, remember, interpret, and produce the speech-sound system of our own language and learn the sounds of other languages.

Phonological Processing System (PP)

Practice:
Identify which of the 4 processing systems is primarily activated during each task: the phonological processor (PP), orthographic processor (OP), meaning processor (MP), or context processor (CP)

Can you tell me three meanings for the word pitch?

Meaning Processor (MP)

In the sentence “Medusa had locks made of snakes,” what does locks mean?

context processor (CP)

Say pale. Say it again but don’t say /l/.

phonological processor (PP)

Match uppercase with corresponding lowercase letters.

orthographic processor (OP)

Practice: Identify which of the 4 processing systems is primarily activated during each task: the phonological processor (PP), orthographic processor (OP), meaning processor (MP), or context processor (CP) Let's look at the pictures in this book. What do you think it is about?

context processor (CP)

Practice: Identify which of the 4 processing systems is primarily activated during each task: the phonological processor (PP), orthographic processor (OP), meaning processor (MP), or context processor (CP) Tell me a word that is the opposite of proud.

meaning processor (MP)

Practice: Identify which of the 4 processing systems is primarily activated during each task: the phonological processor (PP), orthographic processor (OP), meaning processor (MP), or context processor (CP) How do you spell the number that comes after one?

orthographic processor (OP)

Practice: Identify which of the 4 processing systems is primarily activated during each task: the phonological processor (PP), orthographic processor (OP), meaning processor (MP), or context processor (CP) What is the second sound in the word clean?

phonological processor (PP)

This system encompasses several functions related to recognition and recall of written language symbols. This system is wired into the left hemisphere and the language-processing side of the brain. It does not perform other visual functions, such as object or face recognition.

Orthographic Processing System (OP)

A letter or letter combination that spells a phoneme; can be one, two, three, or four letters in English. (e.g., e, ei, igh, eigh)

grapheme

Children with orthographic processing weaknesses are common in the population of students who struggle to acquire basic reading skill or who are poor spellers.

Involves many regions of the brain and is also called the semantic processing system because it interprets the meanings of words in and out of context.

Meaning (semantic) Processing System (MP)

If we associate speech sounds with print symbols but do not access the meaning processing system, we may read a foreign language (or our own) without knowing what it means, read nonsense words, or read a new name by sounding it out but with no possibility of comprehension.

Primary job is to interact with and provide support for the meaning processor. Context can refer to the word's use in a sentence, as well as to the concepts or events being discussed in a text.

Context Processing System (CP)

Notice where the Context Processing System (CP) is positioned int he Four-Part Processing Model. Its primary job is to interact with and provide support for the Meaning Processing System.

Context may help readers find or figure out a word's intended meaning. Also enriches knowledge of how each word is typically used in the English language system. May also help readers with decoding errors and cause them to reread for clarification.

Context- Well-developed background knowledge and verbal abilities as well as adequate reading fluency enable readers to use context productively.

A major point about the function of semantic context in word recognition is that is plays only a limited role in facilitating printed word recognition. Word recognition and pronunciation are primarily the job of the phonological and orthographic processing systems. Conversely, students cannot comprehend text if they cannot name the written words accurately and quickly!