Unit 1 Review

Question 1

limited government

Answer 1

A government that has limits or restrictions placed on it, the Constitution

Question 2

Natural RIghts

Answer 2

Rights you’re born with and everyone has, life liberty and property or the pursuit of happiness

Question 3

Popular Sovereignty

Answer 3

The government gets its power to rule from the people

Question 4

Social contract

Answer 4

Citizens give up some freedoms and rights, in return for protection from the government

Question 5

Republicanism

Answer 5

Elected representatives represent the people

Question 6

Participatory Democracy

Answer 6

Widespread or broad participation, people have the chance to influence the government; initiatives, referendums, town hall meetings, recalls

Question 7

Pluralist Democracy

Answer 7

Non-governmental groups that compete for influence in the government; interest groups

Question 8

Elite Democracy

Answer 8

A more filtered and select group of people that can influence the government; electoral college, senate

Question 9

Faction

Answer 9

A group of people that are united by a common interest and they work together in pursuit of that passion, they believe other factions opinions don’t matter, trample them to get what they want

Question 10

Federalist

Answer 10

People who wanted the ratification of the constitution, wanted a stronger central government, opposed to the bill of rights,

Question 11

Antifederalist

Answer 11

People who didn’t support the ratification of the Constitution, wanted the Articles of Confederation because they didn’t want a strong central government but instead a state government, they wanted the bill of rights

Question 12

Separation of Powers

Answer 12

Three branches of the government keep everything in control, and separate powers

Question 13

Checks and Balances

Answer 13

Ways that each branch can check each other to keep everyone in control

Question 14

Articles of Confederation

Answer 14

The first plan of government in the U.S, loose alliance, purposely weak bc of the experience under British rule, ineffective, no federal taxes or military, no court system, no way to regulate commerce, no common currency

Question 15

Shay’s Rebellion

Answer 15

In Massachusetts, Daniel Shay, Farmers had to fight and then couldn’t pay their debts from the farm, 100s stole weapons and blockaded courts so they couldn’t take away their farms, showed why they need to have a national army because no states would send their militias

Question 16

Great Compromise

Answer 16

Compromise between the Virginia plan and New Jersey plan, Virginia wanted a bicameral legislature based off population, New Jersey wanted a unicameral legislature with fair representation, compromise was a bicameral legislature, one house on population, one house equal

Question 17

Electoral College

Answer 17

Some delegates wanted Congress to pick the president, some thought people needed a say, so Electoral College was the compromise

Question 18

3/5 Compromise

Answer 18

Northern states thought slaves shouldn’t be counted in the populations, Southern states thought they should, so each slave is counted as 3/5 of a person

Question 19

Amendment process

Answer 19

Proposal: 2/3 of both houses or 2/3 of state legislatures call a convention

Ratification: 3/4 of state legislatures vote for it or 3/4 of the conventions

Question 20

Federalism

Answer 20

The dynamic distribution of the state and federal government

Question 21

Reserved powers

Answer 21

exclusive state powers

Question 22

Delegated powers

Answer 22

exclusive federal powers

Question 23

concurrent powers

Answer 23

powers shared between the federal and state governments, taxation

Question 24

Federal Revenue sharing

Answer 24

money collected through taxes is dispersed back to the states

Question 25

Mandates

Answer 25

The federal government tells the states they have to do something, can be funded or unfunded,

Question 26

Categorial Grants

Answer 26

The federal government gives money to the states and it has to be used for a specific category, like playground equipment

Question 27

Block Grants

Answer 27

Money from the federal government to the states to be used for more broad purposes, still a certain category but more broad like education

Question 28

10th Amendment

Answer 28

The federal government is limited to what is in the Constitution and everything else is given to the states

Question 29

14th Amendment

Answer 29

Defines citizenship, anyone born or naturalized in the United States is a citizen of the United States and the state that they reside in, no states can deny them privileges and immunities

Question 30

Commerce Clause

Answer 30

Gives Congress the power to control commerce interstate commerce, allows Congress to expand its powers

Question 31

Necessary and Proper Clause

Answer 31

Congress has the power to enact any law to carry out their enumerated powers, gives Congress more power

Question 32

Enumerated vs. Implied Powers

Answer 32

Enumerated is directly states in the Constitution, implied powers are from grey areas (commerce clause and necessary and proper clause)

Question 33

McCulloch v. Maryland

Answer 33

Decided Congress has the power to create a national bank and Maryland can’t tax the bank because of the supremacy clause

Question 34

U.S. v. Lopez

Answer 34

Decided Congres couldn’t have the GFSZA because it was too much of a stretch of the commerce clause