Unit 1 - Research In Psychology Flashcards
Quantitative Research Methods
Objective measurements & statistical analysis of data
Types of Experiments
Experimental
Correlational
Correlational Experiments
Interviews
Surveys
Case Studies
Focus Groups
Observational Studies
Experimental
True Experiment
Field Experiment
Lab Experiment
Quasi/Natural
Interviews
Face-to-face
Usually single individuals
Time-taking
Structured, Unstructured or Semistructured
Surveys
Larger group,
More goals
Response & social Desirability bias
No cause-effect relationship
Time-effectuve
Case Studies
Greater, more detailed descriptions of individual or group
Small sample
Researcher bias
Low generizability
Observational Studies
Natural Environment
Participants and non-participants
External Variables may affect
Laboratory Experiments
Controlled Variables
Numerical Data
Field Experiments
Natural Environment
Low ecological validity
Cant be generalized
Cant be replicated
Quasi/Natural Experiments
Independent variable naturally
Easy to replicate
Low ecological validity
No cause-effect relationship
Demand Characteristics
Expectancy Effect
Screw you Effect
Social desirability Effect
Researcher bias
Participant Validity
Artificiality
Why do demand characteristics occur?
Participants find out the aim of the study and may influence
Expectancy effect
Discern experiment’s hypothesis w/ goal of helping
Screw you effect
Discern experimentors hypothesis to destroy credibility
Social desirability
Participants responds in a certain way trying to look good w/ experimentor
Researcher Bias
Researchers expectations may affect results consciously or unconsciously
Participant Validity
Extent to which participants share a common set of traits that can bias outocme
Artificiality
When situation created is unlikely to happen in real life, Low to non validity
Qualitative Research Methods
Descriptive data is used to gain an understanding of underlying reasons
Credibility/Trustworthiness
Triangulation
Establishing Rapport
Iterative Questioning
Reflexivity
Credibility checks
Thick descriptions
Traingulation
Different approaches to collect data:
- Method Triangulation
- Data Triangulation
- Researcher Triangulation
-
Triangulation
Different approaches to collect data:
- Method Triangulation
- Data Triangulation
- Researcher Triangulation
- Theory Triangulation
Bias in Qualitative Research
Participant Bias
Researcher Bias
Participant Bias
Acquiescence
Social Desirability
Dominant Respondent
Sensitive
Researcher Bias
Confirmation
Leading Question/
Question order
Sampling
Bias Reporting
Generalization
Broad inference from particular observations
Sample Types
Quota
Purposive
Snowball
Convenience
Ethics
Integral part of psychological researche
Ethical Considerations
Informed Consent
Protection from harm
Anonymity & Confidentiality
Withdrawal from Participatio
Deception
Debriefing
