Unit 1 Pictures Flashcards
What are hydroxyls found in
-carbs
-proteins
-nucleic acids
-lipids
what are hydroxyls polarity (and bonding)
- electronegative O atom = polar
- hydrogen bonding
what are hydroxyls characteristic special properties
-hydrophilic: the more -OH groups the more it is able to dissolve in water
-attachment point for polymers
what are sulfhydryls found in
-proteins: in some R-groups
What is sulfhydryls polarity (and bonding)
-electronegative S = polar
- hydrogen bonding
what are sulfhydryls characteristic special properties
-hydrophilic (but not as much as many of these groups)
- some proteins the -SH serves to help stabilize the shape of proteins with sulfhydryl bridging between R groups (ex. curly hair)
what are the two carbonyls
-ketone (carbonyl within)
- aldehyde (carbonyl at end)
what are carbonyls found in
-fatty acid chains
- dipeptide
- nucleic acids
what is carbonyls polarity (and bonding)
- O is electronegative so polar area and hydrophilic
-hydrogen bonding
what are carbonyls special properties
-contributes to solubility in water but not significantly unless many
what are carboxyls found in
-proteins
-lipids (fatty acid chains)
what are carboxyl’s polarity (and bonding)
- O polar = hydrophilic
- hydrogen bonding
What are carboxyls characteristic special properties
- contributes to water solubility
- can be negatively charged to regulate pH of body cells
What are phosphate found in
-nucleic acids
-phospholipids (head)
What are phosphates polarity (and bonding)
- very hydrophilic due to dual negative charges = polar
- hydrogen bonding
what are phosphates characteristic special properties
- increases water solubility
- significant contribution to phospholipid bilayer
What are amino found in
-proteins
-nucleic acids
What is aminos polarity (and bonding)
-N polar = hydrophilic
- hydrogen bonding
What are aminos characteristic special properties
-contributes to water solubility
- attachment point to make polymers
- regulates pH because Hydrogen can come and go
