Unit 1 Parts 1 & 2 Flashcards
Life Span Perspective & Nature of Development
It is the pattern of movement or change that begins at conception and continues through the human life span.
Development
TRUE or FALSE: Development begins at conception and continues until death.
FALSE
Development begins at conception and continues through the human life span
Two Approaches in Development
- Life-span Approach
- Traditional Approach
This approach in development states that humans go through extensive change from birth to adolescence
Traditional Approach
This approach states that there are developmental changes throughout childhood and adulhood
Life-span Approach
What are the eight characteristics of Life Span Perspective?
- Lifelong
- Multidirectional
- Multidimensional
- Plastic
- Multidisciplinary
- Contextual
- Growth, Maintenance, & Regulation of Loss
- Co-cunstruction of Biology, Culture, and the Individual
Characteristic of development that states that is no domination of one age period to another, there is development all throughout
Lifelong
When does development begin?
Conception
Development continues until…
old age
Focuses on certain highlights of development
Traditional Approach
Every stage there is change
Life-span Approach
Plateau-dal in Adulthood
Traditional Approach
Declines in old age
Traditional Approach
Developmental change throughout childhood and adulthood
Life Span Approach
Four different types of growth under Multidirectional
- Growth and decline
- Linear Growth
- Growth in Stages
- Unpredictability
Three dimensions of development
- Biological
- Socio-emotional
- Cognitive
What is the concept of Multidimensional?
A person can develop…
- Biologically
- Socio-emotionally
- Cognitively
There are times when they occur simultaneously or when one would occur first before the others.
It interacts with each one.
This is our capacity or ability for change
Plasticity
Transition period
29 to 31 years old
This characteristic states that different fields of expertise have different ways of looking at a person when it comes to development and change
Multidisciplinary
Three sub-components under Contextual
- Normative Age-graded Influence
- Normative History-graded Influence
- Non-normative Life Events
This is a standard or a natural agree expectation of behavior, attitude, and beliefs of a particular group
Norm
Refers to development influenced by age
Normative Age-graded Influence
Refers to the development influenced by historical events
Normative History-graded Influence
unpredictable, unplanned
Non-normative
This context happens when unforeseen events such as natural disasters or accidents causes the development of a person
Non-normative Life Events
As one grows older, the allocation towards maintenance, resilience/recovery, and management of loss _
increases
As one grows older, growth/advances _
decrease
“The brain shapes culture, but it is also shaped by culture and experiences that individuals have pursued.”
Co-construction of Biology, Culture, and Individual
Contemporary Concerns (3)
- Health and Well-being
- Parenting and Education
- Sociocultural Contexts and Diversity
Concept of Health and Well-being
- The Philippines already has a mental health law.
- The pandemic highlighted psychologists that were ignored before. People started seeking professional help with regards to their mental and emotional concerns.
- People started giving importance to work-life balance.
What is the best parenting style according to research?
Positive parenting
Concept of Parenting and Education
- studies that shows which type of parenting style is the best
- Because of the LGBTQ+, there are now different types of parents (e.g. two dads or two moms).
What is the nature of development?
Patterns that makes a person develop; the things to look into for a person to develop
Three Processes Under Nature of Development
- Biological
- Socio-emotional
- Cognitive
Which process looks into a person’s physical aspects, nature, and capabilities?
Biological Processes
Formative years of a person
First seven years
This process focuses on how a person thinks and process thoughts
Cognitive Process
This process focuses on how intelligence was honed when a person was still a toddler
Cognitive Process
Periods (Age)
- Period of Development
- Four Ages of Development
- Conception of Ages
8 Periods of Development
- Prenatal Period
- Infancy
- Early Childhood
- Middle & Late Childhood
- Adolescence
- Early Adulthood
- Middle Adulthood
- Late Adulthood
This is the time frame in a person’s life that is characterized by certain features, characteristics, or developmental features/characteristics
Developmental Period
Period that focuses on how life is formed in the womb
Prenatal Period
Period that focuses on how a fetus is developed into a full human being
Prenatal Period
Dependence upon adults
Infancy
Also known as “play years” or “pre-school years”
Early Childhood
Period in development where children start to have the urge to explore
Early Childhood
Age Range of Prenatal Period
Conception to birth (9 months)
Age Range of Infancy
Birth to 18-24 months
Age Range of Early Childhood
2-5 to 6 years old
Also known as “elementary / school years”
Middle & Late Childhood
Age Range of Middle & Late Childhood
6-11 years
Period of development where children start to learn basic skills
Middle & Late Childhood
In this period of development, the understanding of the child is already developed
Middle & Late Childhood
What are some of the basic skills being learned during Middle & Late Childhood?
- Math
- Writing
- Reading
Age Range of Early Adolescence
10 to 12 years old
Age Range of Late Adolescence
18 to 21 years old
This is when puberty occurs
Early Adolescence
In this period of development, a person is already starting their job or career
Early Adulthood
In this period of development, a person can already make decision for oneself
Early Adulthood
Age Range of Early Adulthood
Early 20s through the 30s
It is said the life begins at this stage but all sickness starts manifesting
Middle Adulthood
Age range for middle adulthood
40 to 60 years
In this period, a person has the choice on how do they want to grow old (regretful or graceful)
Late Adulthood
Age range for Late Adulthood
60s-70s to death
Four Ages of Development
- First Age
- Second Age
- Third Age
- Fourth Age
Age range of the First Age
childhood and adolescence
Age range of the Second Age
Prime adulthood (20s through 50s)
Age range of the Third Age
Approx. 60 to 79 years of age
Age range of the Fourth Age
Approx. 80 years and older
Three Developmental Patterns of Aging
- Normal Aging
- Pathological Aging
- Successful Aging
In this pattern of aging, normalcy or normal development occurs
Normal Aging
In this pattern of aging, life is expected to be shorter
Pathological Aging
This pattern of aging occurs when a person’s positive outlook in life, their lives will also be longer
Successful Aging
Conceptions of Ages
- Chronological Age
- Biological Age
- Psychological Age
- Social Age
Refers to the number of years that have lapsed since birth
Chronological Age
This focuses on the individual’s vital organ
Biological Age
This states that too much stress may affect the development of one’s organs
Biological Age
This refers to an individual’s adaptive capacity compared to those individuals with the same chronological age
Psychological Age
This refers to the connectedness with others and the social roles individuals adpat
Social Age
Three Developmental Issues
- Nature vs. Nurture
- Stability vs. Change
- Continuous Development vs. Discontinuous Development
- Genes and hereditary factors
- physical appearance
- personal characteristics
Nature
- Environmental variables
- childhood experiences
- how we were raised
- social relationships
- surrounding culture
Nurture
This developmental issue refers to the degree to which early traits and characteristics persist through life or change
Stability vs Change
This is a result of heredity and early childhood experiences in life
Stability
This focuses on the plasticity of the development of a person
Change
This refers to the gradual/cumulative changes
Continuous Development
This states that there are certain pauses or abrupt changes that happen from infancy to adulthood
Discontinuous Development
