Unit 1: Part 2 Flashcards
Homeostasis definition
Process by which blood vessels repair after injury
What are the four stages of repair?
Vascular phase
Platelet phase
Coagulation phase
Fibrinolysis
Vascular phase
Injury to a blood vessel, causes it to constrict slowing blood flow
Platelet phase
Injury to the endothelial lining, causing platelets to adhere
Coagulation phase
Coagulation factors that converts temporary platelet plug to a stable Fibrin clot
Partial thromboplastin time
used to evaluate the intrinsic pathway, also put in a light blue top
Prothrombin time test
used to a value the extrinsic pathway for anticoagulant therapy (people on blood thinners)
Fibrinolysis
The breakdown and remove all of the clot
-Repairing tissue
If the test tube says CMP & BMP which one do you get rid of?
Always get rid of BMP
What information should be on the test tube
Name, date of birth, the type of test,ICD10,, and Dr. signature
If you’re performing a blood draw on an alcoholic, what do you use to clean the skin with?
Clora prep or iodine
Where should tourniquet be applied?
3 to 4 inches above the puncture site
How long should a tourniquet be placed on the arm?
Less than a minute to prevent hemoconcentration
What do Vacutainer tube do?
Suck blood out of veins
Characteristics of a light blue top
Must be filled completely
-Have a 9 to 1 ratio
Vacutainer needles (can be multiple sample needle)
Most common is 21G, 1.25 inch.
Angle is 15 to 30°
Wing infusions set
Butterfly needle used for small veins on the hand
-23 Gauge at 5° angle
What should you do when disposing a needle?
Never recap a needle, whether it has a safety or not
Should the bevel be up or down?
Always beval up
What information should always be in your notes when dealing with a patient
Sites, location, area
-What needle type, what anti-septic
* know the specifics
3 most common veins
Left side of arm: basilic vein
Middle of arm: median cubital vein
Right side of arm: cephalic vein
What does OSHA stand for
Occupational safety and health administration
What does HIPPAA stand for
Health insurance, portability, and accountability act
PHI stand for
Protected health information
What does CLSI stand for
Clinical and laboratory standards institute
Why do we take the tourniquet off less than a minute?
To prevent hemoconcentration
Hemostasis definition
Blood vessels repair after injury
How many layers do veins have?
Three layers
Inside: partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
Middle: contains blood
Outside: prothrombin time test (PT/INR)
INR: international normalized ratio 
What color is the tops of a PTT and a PT/INR?
Light blue tops
Plasma definition
Liquid portion of unclouded blood, and still contains clotting factors
- blood doesn’t clot
Definition of serum
Liquid portion that allows clotting
- clotting factors are no longer present bc they’ve already been used
What are the clotting factors?
Calcium, protein, fibrinogen
Tubes with anticoagulants
(Blood doesn’t clot)
-lavender
-Green (light or dark)
-Pink
-Royal blue with lavender stripe
-Light blue
-Gray
Tubes without anticoagulants
(Blood that clots)
- clear
-Red: glass or plastic
-Tiger top, gold top marble top
-Royal blue with a red stripe
What will be produced when anticoagulants are separated in a centrifuge?
Plasma
What will be produced when tubes without anticoagulants are separated in a centrifuge?
They will produce serum
What is the approved order of draw?
Broth
-discard tube (clear or red)
-Light blue top (sodium citrate)
-Red top (clot activator if plastic)
-Gold/tiger/marble top (silica/gel)
-Light green top (lithium heparin/gel)
-Dark green top (sodium heparin)
-Pink top (potassium EDTA)
-Lavender top (EDTA)
-Gray top (sodium fluoride/potassium, oxalate)
-dark blue ( in order of draw)
