unit 1 part 1 (1.1.1 - 1.1.3

Question 1

What determines temp and precipitation and is why biomes exist in predictable patterns on earth?

Answer 1

latitude

Question 2

Define flow

Answer 2

determines which plants and orgs can survive; how much oxygen can dissolve

Question 3

What is the littoral zone

Answer 3

a shallow zone in a freshwater habitat where light

shallow water w/ emergent plants

Question 4

What is the profundal zone

Answer 4

a region of water where sunlight does not reach, below the limnetic zone in very deep lakes

too deep for sunlight to reach; not very productive

Question 5

What is the limnetic zone (lake)

Answer 5

well-lit, open-water area of a lake or pond

light can reach (photosynth); no rooted plants, only phytoplankton

Question 6

What are some benefits of wetlands

Answer 6

They store excess water (lessening floods), recharge groundwater, filter pollutants, and are highly productive

Question 7

What are estuaries

Answer 7

areas where rivers empty into ocean

have high productivity due to nutrients in sediments and are brackish

Question 8

What is a biome

Answer 8

area with a specific climate and certain types of plant and animal communities; share combo of avg temp and precip.

Question 9

How do you differentiate biomes?

Answer 9

avg annual temp and precipitation

Question 10

what determines what plants can survive where?

Answer 10

Soil nutrient availability

Question 11

What biome has the best soil?

Answer 11

Temporal Forests; their soil is nutrient rich bc of surplus in organic, dead matter; the warm temp/moisture is also ideal (for decomposition)

Question 12

What characterizes an aquatic biome?

Answer 12

salinity, depth, temperature, flow

Question 13

What is the benthic zone?

Answer 13

murky bottom (of lake); has nutrient rich sediments & dead/decomposing matter

Question 14

Can you define a wetland?

Answer 14

an area that has soil submerged in water for a large portion of the time but is shallow enough for emergent plants

Question 15

What are some examples of wetlands?

Answer 15

Swamps, marshes, bogs

Question 16

What is a salt marsh?

Answer 16

an estuary habitat along the coast in temperate climates

Question 17

True or false: coral reefs are the most biodiverse biome on earth

Answer 17

true

Question 18

What is the photic zone?

Answer 18

the well-lit upper layer of body of water; sunlight can reach here

Question 19

Describe the difference between photic and aphotic (abyssal) zone

Answer 19

aphotic zone: light cannot reach
photic: well-lit

Question 20

as related to dissolved oxygen levels, warmer water temps hold…

Answer 20

less dissolved oxygen and, therefore, support fewer aquatic organisms

Question 21

What is symbiosis

Answer 21

Any close and long-term interaction between two organisms of different species

Question 22

What categories can symbiosis be broken into?

Answer 22

mutualism(+,+), commensalism(+, 0), parasitism (+,-)

Question 23

What reduces population size bc of a lack of available resources, leading to fewer surviving organism?

Answer 23

competition

Question 24

What makes tundra soil so “bad”?

Answer 24

since the soil is frozen, nutrients in dead matter cannot be broken down, leading to low soil nutrients. Additionally, there is low water availability and few plants survive here

Question 25

Can biomes shift?

Answer 25

Yes; they shift in location as climate changes

Question 26

Tell me about Open Ocean

Answer 26

low in productivity but is so large that the organisms that do survive (algae and phytoplankton) produce a lot of O2 and absorb a lot of atm. CO2