Unit 1 Outcome 1 Terms

Question 1

Institution

Answer 1

An established framework for structuring and regulating certain aspects of human social life

Question 2

Political Significance

Answer 2

Importance, impact or relevance of a political event, action, decision or actor within the context of a particular society, government or political system

Question 3

Factors affecting political significance and influence and exert power: (8)

Answer 3

History
Sociology
Geography
Economics
Law
Psychology
Ethics
Communication

Question 4

Power

Answer 4

The ability to influence outcomes within a system

Question 5

Political actors

Answer 5

Individuals, groups, institutions or entities that participate and influence the political processes that determine which decision policies and actions are taken

Question 6

Political Interest

Answer 6

Desires, motivations and goals that both shape and drive the behaviours of political actors

Question 7

Capacity

Answer 7

The potential or ability to do something or influence an outcome

Question 8

Policy

Answer 8

An agreed-upon set of ideas of a plan for how a government or other group will respond in particular situations, typically expressed in statements, laws or other rules

Question 9

Conservative

Answer 9

Things to do with people’s human rights

Question 10

Entity

Answer 10

Organisations for a particular cause or purpose

Question 11

Examples for what entities are for (5)

Answer 11

• Religion
• Government
• Education
• Progressions
  Social purpose

Question 12

State

Answer 12

Both a political community and territorial entity. They are the primary actors and entities in global politics.

Question 13

Nation

Answer 13

A community of people based on a particular identity, having common bonds with history, ethnicity and religion. Nations can be fluid, overlapping and contested concepts.

Question 14

Sovereignty

Answer 14

The legitimate or widely recognised ability to exercise effective control over matters in a particular area, or within particular borders

Question 15

Country

Answer 15

Any distinct part of the world, maybe state, nation or other political entity

Question 16

developed country

Answer 16

has a mature and sophisticated economy, usually measured by gross domestic product (GDP) and/or average income per resident

Question 17

developing country

Answer 17

countries that have not achieved a significant degree of industrialization relative to their populations, and have, in most cases, a medium to low standard of living

Question 18

First World

Answer 18

Wealthy and developed states

Question 19

Third World

Answer 19

Poor and developing states

Question 20

Individualism

Answer 20

Puts the individual at the centre of society and prioritises individual autonomy

Question 21

Pluralism

Answer 21

Perspective that recognises and values diversity. Allows for many different groups, parties and ideologies to coexist and participate in political processes

Question 22

Hegemony

Answer 22

Capacity of a superpower state to dominate the global political order

Question 23

Laissez-faire

Answer 23

Governments preferring not to intervene in or interfere with the workings of markets

Question 24

BRICS countries

Answer 24

Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa

Question 25

What is special about BRICS

Answer 25

Are growing quickly and have sought to developed alternative approaches to those favoured by the West

Question 26

Pragmatism

Answer 26

Concerned with solid and measurable results

Question 27

What are the five characteristics of a state>

Answer 27

1. a permanent population
2. defined territory
3. a functioning government
4. the ability to engage in relations with other states
5. international recognition from other sovereign states

Question 28

Legitimacy

Answer 28

Perceptionthat an act, actor, group or instituition is justified in its exercise of power. THought to transform power into authority.

Question 29

Authority

Answer 29

The degree to which the uses of power by particular actors are considered rightful or legitimate

degree, uses of power -> rightful or legitimate

Question 30

Federalism

Answer 30

System of government where power is divided between a central national government and more geographically dispersed subnational governments that administer smaller regional or local jurisdictions

Question 31

Political Perspectives

Answer 31

The ways in which political actors see and understand their interests, which are influenced by their ideas, values, experiences and contextual factors

Question 32

Separation of power

Answer 32

Distribution of power to govern between 3 branches of government; each of the branches is independent and has the ability to block the other to prevent one branch from becoming too powerful

Question 33

Political Stability

Answer 33

A political system’s ability to maintain things as they are, and/or where decisions and changes do not substantially affect the current distribution of power among actors within that system

Question 34

Responsible Government

Answer 34

Expectation that executive governments must be answerable to parliaments, and that their decisions and actions must be exposed to public scrutiny

Question 35

Participation

Answer 35

Range of activities through which people might develop and express their opinions and preferences regarding social, political, economic or organisational matters

Question 36

Popular sovereignty

Answer 36

A state and its government are created and sustained by the consent of its people.

Question 37

Parliamentary Sovereignty

Answer 37

Parliament having the right to make, amend or repeal any law within the limits of the constitutions.