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biology 201 > unit 1 notes pt 3 > Flashcards

unit 1 notes pt 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

describe the functions of the integumentary system

A 
protection
body temperature regulation.
cutaneous sensation
metabolic functions
blood reservoir
excretion
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2
Q

protection

A
  • chemical barrier: acid mantle, defesin, cathelicidins,melanin
  • physical barrier: stratum corneum
  • biological barrier: dendritic cells, macrophages, DNA
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3
Q

body temperature regulation

A

insensible perspiration, sensible perspiration, arrector pili muxcle, vasoconstriction. vasodilation

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4
Q

cutaneous sensation

A

exteroreceptors- tactile(meissner’s) corpuscle, tactile disc, lamellar (pacinian) corpuscle, hair follicle receptor, free nerve ending

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5
Q

metabolic functions

A

vitamin d synthesis

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6
Q

blood reservoir

A

vasoconstriction

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7
Q

excretion

A

notrogenous wastes, sodium, water

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8
Q

epidermis

A

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, keratinocyte. melanocyte, dendritic (langerhans) cell, tactile(merkel) cells

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9
Q

dermis

A

connective tissue, nerves, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels

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10
Q

epidermis

A

stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum,

stratum corneum

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11
Q

stratum basale

A

mitosis, keratinocytes, melanocytes

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12
Q

stratum spinosum

A

keratinocytes, melanin granules, langehanss’ cell

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13
Q

stratum granulosum

A

keratinocytes, keratohyaline granules, lamellar granules

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14
Q

stratum lucidum(thick skin only)

A

palms and soles of feet

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15
Q

stratum corneum

A

keratin

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16
Q

dermis

A

papillary layer

reticular layer

17
Q

papillary layer

A

areolarconnective tissue, dermal papillae with capilary loops, tactile(meissner’s) corpuscles, friction ridges

18
Q

reticular layer

A

dense irregular connective tissue, cleavage lines, elastic fibers, flexure lines

19
Q

factors the determine skin color

A

pigments: melanin, carotene, hemoglobin

20
Q

abnormal skin colors

A

erythema: reddish skin color
pallor: very white skin color, indication of about to pass out
jaundice: yellowish skin color, indicates liver problem
bronzing: addisons disease
hematoma: bruise
albinism: no melanin
cyanosis: bluish coloring, lack of oxygen

21
Q

accessory organs associated with the skin

A

cutaneous gland, hair, nails

22
Q

cutaneous glands

A 
sweat (sudoriferous) gland
eccrine (merocrine) gland
aprocrine sweat gland: phermones
ceruminous gland: cerumen(ear wax)
mammary glands: milk
sebaceous gland: sebum(oil-attached to hair)
23
Q

hair(pilus)

A

dead, hard keratinized cells
shaft- medulla, cortex. cuticle
root- everything below skin
follicle(sensory part of hair)- bulb,hair follicle receptor, papilla, peripheral connective tissue sheath, epithelial root sheath, matrix
arrector pili muscle- stands hair up
sebaceous gland
funstions of hair: scalp,eyebrow, eyelash, nostril, ear, sensory

24
Q

nails

A 
dead, hard keratinized cells
nail matrix: growth area
nail fold: side of nail
nail body: flat part of nail
cuticle(eponychium) keeps dirt out at base of nail
hyponychium: bottom of nails
function of nails: tools
25
Q

three types of skin cancer

A

basal cell carcinoma: stratum basale cells enter dermisand hypodermis- spreads the least
squamos cell carcinoma: keratinocytes of stratum spinosum
melanoma: melanocytes- most dangerous mecause it moves. metastisis easy

26
Q

type of burns

A

first degree- epidermis, no blisters
second degree- epidermis, part of the dermis, blistering occurs
third degree- epidermis, dermis, full thickness

27
Q

rule of 9s

A

head and neck = 9%, each arm = 9%, anterior trunk= 18%.

posterior trunk = 18%

28
Q

relationship between integumentary system and other body functions

A

function systems

29
Q

skeletal system

A

supports skin

int, system- protects bones and makes vitamin d

30
Q

muscular system

A

moves skin

int system- protects organs, removes muscle heat by vasodilation, sweating

31
Q

nervous system

A

thermoregulation, interprets sensory outputs

int system- protects nervous organs

32
Q

endocrine system

A

hormone control sebaceous gland & hair growth

int system- protects the endocrine gland

33
Q

cardiovascular system

A

carries oxygen, food to skin and removes wastes, delivers materials for glands
int system- protects heart, blood vessels, prevents fluid loss from blood, serves as blood reservoir

34
Q

lymphatic system/ immunity

A

lymphatic syste removes tissue, fluid from skin, immune system protects skin
int system- skin protects lymphatic organs, langerhans’ cells eat germs

35
Q

respiratory system

A

absorbs oxygen, removes carbon dioxide for skin

int system- protects respiratory system

36
Q

digestive system

A

absorbs food for skin

int system- protects digestive organs, provides vitamin d for calcium absorption

37
Q

urinary system

A

activates vitamin d made by skin, removes nitrogenous waste from skin
int system- protects urinary organs, removes some nitrogenous wastes and salts

38
Q

reproductive system

A

cutaneous stimuli contribute to stimulation, mammory glands produce milk
int system- protects reproductive organs

biology 201 (3 decks)

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