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National Fire academy > Unit 1: NFPA and the scientific method > Flashcards

Unit 1: NFPA and the scientific method Flashcards

1
Q

A document, advisory or informative in
nature and contains only nonmandatory
provisions.

A

Guide

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2
Q

A document containing mandatory
provisions, using the word “shall” to indicate
requirements. It is generally suitable for
mandatory reference by another standard or
code or for adoption into law.

A

Standard

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3
Q

A level of conduct exercised
by a reasonably prudent professional. A judicial
term with legal implications.

A

Standard of care

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4
Q

NFPA 921 committee members are

made up of interested parties:

A 
Public sector.
‒
Private sector.
‒
Manufacturers.
‒
Attorneys.
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5
Q

Standards are revised every

A

5 years (shall)

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6
Q

Guides are revised every

A

3 years (should)

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7
Q

NFPA 1033 is revised every

A

5 years

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8
Q

NFPA 921 is revised every

A

3 years

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9
Q 
•   Identifies minimum job performance 
requirements (JPRs) for both public and 
private sector investigators.
•   Failure to meet these minimum JPRs or 
comply with this document can preclude 
you from testifying.
A

NFPA 1033

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10
Q

How many chapters does NFPA 1033 contain?

A

4

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11
Q

What are they?

A 
‒
Administration (Scope/Purpose).
‒
Referenced Publications.
‒
Definitions (20).
‒
Fire Investigator (requisite knowledge/skills, 
JPRs).
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12
Q

NFPA 1033

Chapter 1 states the investigator shall have and
maintain, at a minimum, an up-to-date basic
knowledge of the following ____ topics beyond the high-school level.

A

16

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13
Q 
The body of knowledge 
concerning the study of fire 
and related subjects (e.g., 
combustion, flame, heat 
transfer, thermodynamics, 
kinetics, fluid mechanics, fire 
safety), and their interaction 
with people, structures and 
the environment.
A

Fire Science

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14
Q 
The study of chemical processes that occur in 
fires, including changes in state, decomposition 
and combustion (e.g., pyrolysis).
A

Fire chemistry

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15
Q

The science of energy conversion involving

heat (e.g., heat transfer).

A

Thermodynamics

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16
Q 
•   The science and 
practice of temperature 
measurement (heat 
versus temperature).
•   Heat is energy.
•   Temperature is a 
measurement of energy.
•   Fahrenheit, Celsius, 
Rankin, Kelvin.
A

Thermometry

17
Q 
The detailed study of 
how chemistry, fire 
science, and the 
engineering disciplines 
of fluid mechanics and 
heat transfer interact to 
influence fire behavior.
A

Fire Dynamics

18
Q

The study of explosions and their associated

effects.

A

Explosion Dynamics

19
Q 
Using quantitative 
information to provide 
an understanding of 
the complexities of 
fire and the factors 
that influence fire 
growth and spread.
A

Computer Fire Modeling

20
Q

The process of determining the origin, cause

and development of a fire or an explosion.

A

Fire Investigation

21
Q 
The process of 
determining the 
origin, cause, 
development, 
responsibility and, 
when required, 
failure analysis of a 
fire or an explosion.
A

Fire Analysis

22
Q 
The organizational and 
analytical process necessary 
in a successful fire 
investigation (i.e., the scientific 
method).
A

Fire Methodology

23
Q 
Describe what equipment is 
used to process the scene, 
and analyze evidence 
collected from the scene (e.g., 
cameras, thermocouples and 
meters).
A

Fire Investigation Technology

24
Q 
Safety recommendations 
for environments containing 
hazardous substances and 
proper personal protective 
equipment (PPE).
A

Hazardous Materials

25
Q 
Methods and 
tools used to 
analyze fires of 
any size and 
organize 
information 
collected during 
the investigation
A

Fire analysis and analytical tools

26
Q 
An understanding of the role 
that fire protection systems 
play in detection and 
suppression, as well as how 
fire growth and spread were 
affected (added in 2014).
A

Fire Protection Systems

27
Q 
Accepted principles and practices to 
properly document, collect and 
package fire scene evidence to 
support origin and cause 
determinations (added in 2014).
A

Evidence collection, preservation and documentation

28
Q 
An understanding of the 
role that electricity and 
electrical equipment 
play in fire causation 
(i.e., victim versus 
cause) (added in 2014).
A

Electricity and electrical systems

29
Q

“This document is designed to produce a systematic,
working framework or outline by which effective fire and
explosion investigations and origin-and-cause analysis
can be accomplished. …
Deviations from these
procedures, however, are not necessarily wrong or
inferior, but need to be justified.”

A

NFPA 921

30
Q 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_defines a 
guide as a document that is advisory or 
informative in nature and that contains only 
nonmandatory provisions. 
Not
suitable for 
adoption into law.
A

NFPA 921, Chapter 3, Section 3.2.3

31
Q

WHO USES NATIONAL FIRE

PROTECTION ASSOCIATION 921?

A 
•   Fire investigators to 
support their conclusions.
•   Attorneys to support or 
contest opinions.
•   Judges to qualify 
witnesses.
•   Agencies as the basis for 
training and education 
programs.
32
Q 
a level of conduct, 
exercised by a reasonably prudent 
professional. Courts have held NFPA 921 
and 1033 as the “standards of care” for fire 
investigation.
A

Standard of Care

33
Q

An extensive resume-style document listing of

your experience, training and education.

A

CURRICULUM VITAE

34
Q

Challenges in the courtroom include?

A 
•   Investigator 
qualifications.
•   Methodology used.
•   Knowledge of fire 
science.
•   Quality of documentation.
•Opinion
reached and 
how.
35
Q 
The systematic pursuit of knowledge 
involving the recognition and 
definition of a problem
; the collection of data through 
observation and experimentation; 
analysis of the data
; the formulation, evaluation and testing of a 
hypothesis
; and, when possible, the selection of a final hypothesis.
A

Scientific Method

36
Q

What are the 7 steps in the scientific process?

A 
Recognize the need
Define the problem
Collect data
Analyze the data
Form a hypothesis
Test the hypothesis
Select a final hypothesis
37
Q

The scientific method is applied to fire

investigation by using a

A

Systematic approach

38
Q

A rapid oxidation process, which is a chemical reaction resulting in the evolution of light and heat in varying intensities.

A

Fire

39
Q

What is the purpose of testing the hypothesis?

A

To disprove your hypothesis

National Fire academy (15 decks)

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