Unit 1 MSH

Question 1

Interactions between a single species

Answer 1

Population

Question 2

Interactions between multiple species

Answer 2

Community

Question 3

Community as well as abiotic factors

Answer 3

Ecosystem

Question 4

Biome of MSH

Answer 4

Temperate Rainforest

Question 5

High birth rate, low survival rate per capita, short lifespan, typically smaller species

Answer 5

r-selected

Question 6

Low birth rate, high survival rate per capita, long lifespan, slow to reach sexual maturity, more parental investment, typically larger species

Answer 6

K-selected

Question 7

+/+ species interaction

Answer 7

Mutualism

Question 8

+/- species interaction

Answer 8

Parasitism, predator/prey, and herbivory

Question 9

-/- species interaction

Answer 9

Competition

Question 10

-/+ species interaction

Answer 10

Altruism and facilitation

Question 11

+/0 species interaction

Answer 11

Commensalism

Question 12

0/0 species interaction

Answer 12

No interaction

Question 13

Which of these is not a component of the Mount St. Helens pre-eruption biological community?

Answer 13

The nitrogen content of the soil

Question 14

What is the relationship between seeds produced per parent (fecundity) and per capita seedling survivorship?

Answer 14

As seed number increases, seedling survivorship decreases

Question 15

As a result, this long-legged mutation ______________ the fitness of long-legged individuals.

Answer 15

Decreases

Question 16

A plant that lives in a very dry place where suitable conditions for germination happen infrequently would most likely have evolved to have a _________ seed coat and a ___________ cotyledon.

Answer 16

Thick : Large

Question 17

Which of these statements are TRUE regarding the Mount St Helens landscape following the eruption of 1980? [Select all that apply]

Answer 17

• The pumice plain is a small portion of the affected landscape.
• The pumice plain was devoid of life immediately following the eruption.

Question 18

The plants that will be able to reach the interior of the pumice plain first are likely to be seeds with __________ cotyledons and have __________ dispersed seeds.

Answer 18

Small : Wind

Question 19

Evolutionary tradeoffs explain why _______________.

Answer 19

Large-seeded plants produce relatively few seeds

Question 20

Which species will likely be the last to reach the interior of the pumice plain?

Answer 20

Cedar Trees

Question 21

Which of these are examples of proteins? [Select all that apply]

Answer 21

• Helicase that is an enzyme that unwinds DNA and prepares it for DNA replication
• Muscle fibers that contract when stimulated
• Digestive enzymes like amylase that breakdown food into absorbable forms

Question 22

Peptide bonds connecting amino acids in primary protein structure are ___________.

Answer 22

Polar covalent bonds between C and N where electrons are shared between C and N

Question 23

If all of the hydrogen bonds in a protein were broken, which levels of protein structure would be altered? [Select all that apply - all or nothing graded]

Answer 23

• Secondary structure
• Tertiary structure
• Quaternary structure

Question 24

If 2 atoms share electrons in a covalent bond and their electronegativity difference is 0.3, what does that mean?

Answer 24

They do not share electrons evenly, but it’s close enough that we consider the bond to be non-polar

Question 25

Which species interactions represent (+,-) interactions between species taking the order of those designations into considerations?

Answer 25

- Predation - Herbivory - Parasitism

Question 26

Which of these is NOT a place where primary succession will take place?

Answer 26

Mount St. Helens pumice plain

Question 27

Which of these does interactions represents the clearest example of a symbiotic interaction between species?

Answer 27

Mistletoe is a plant who sends root-like structures into the bark of a host tree like an oak in order to intercept and absorb the sugars and nutrients from its host.

Question 28

Which of these does interactions represents the clearest example of facilitation?

Answer 28

A field full of sun-loving (shade-intolerant) blackberries whose stems are covered in sharp thorns, prevents deer from crossing the field.

Question 29

On the south side of Mount St. Helens, white-tailed deer and elk are both limited by the same food resources. This means that they exhibit a ________type of interaction.

Answer 29

- , -

Question 30

Could the species interaction of the pitcher plant and small marsupials be defined as altruism?

Answer 30

NO

Question 31

Which of these statements is FALSE regarding succession?

Answer 31

Primary succession will happen on a peanut field after it has been tilled.

Question 32

Which characteristics increase as time goes on in an ecosystem? [Select all that apply]

Answer 32

- Horizontal complexity - Vertical complexity - Biodiversity - Shade-tolerant trees - Soil carbon and nitrogen

Question 33

Based on Liebig's Law of the Minimum, what is the most likely explanation for the basil not growing taller?

Answer 33

The basil had enough N, but needed a different nutrient instead

Question 34

Using permaculture techniques, many species are planted in the same place. What does this result in?

Answer 34

- High horizontal complexity - High vertical complexity

Question 35

Based on Liebig's Law of the Minimum, which statements MUST be true regarding Mr. Bennington's sugarbush?

Answer 35

- The southern forest is not Ca-limited - The northern forest is no longer Ca-limited

Question 36

In the absence of disturbance, does succession increase horizontal complexity, vertical complexity or both?

Answer 36

Vertical complexity

Question 37

What ecosystem characteristics increase in an ecosystem with time?

Answer 37

- Shade-tolerant trees - Soil Carbon and Nitrogen - Resilience - Vertical Complexity - Biodiversity - Resistance - Horizontal Complexity

Question 38

True or false: A one square-mile landscape that contains only grasses will have more horizontal complexity than a one square-mile landscape that includes early successional trees.

Answer 38

False

Question 39

Why is water unlikely to limit plant growth in the pumice plain?

Answer 39

The region receives a lot of rain since it is in the temperate rainforest biome

Question 40

Which nutrient is most likely preventing the establishment of more plants like Fireweed and Pearly Everlasting?

Answer 40

Nitrogen

Question 41

Are carnivorous plants autotrophs or heterotrophs?

Answer 41

Autotrophs

Question 42

How would we define competition as a species interaction (+/-/0)?

Answer 42

(-,-)

Question 43

Does altruism exist in nature?

Answer 43

Yes