Unit 1- Membrane Structure Flashcards
Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes
Lipids form membranes
Amphipathic nature causes bilayer formation in aqueous environments.
Protein roles
Transport, signaling, structural support, enzyme activity.
Lipid movement
Freely move laterally.
Limited movement vertically
Lipid structures
Phosphoglycerides: Glycerol, two fatty acids, phosphate.
Sphingolipids: Sphingosine, one fatty acid
Glycolipids: Carbohydrate attached to lipid.
Cholesterol in membrane
Fluidity buffer, stabilizes membrane.
Factors affecting fluidity
Temperature, lipid composition, cholesterol.
Lipid rafts
Microdomains in membranes involved in signaling.
Outer membrane components
Glycolipids, glycoproteins.
Lipid bilayer composition
Asymmetrical; different lipids on inside vs. outside.
Membrane proteins
Integral: Spans membrane.
Peripheral: Attached to membrane surfaces.
Lipid-linked: Attached via lipid tails.
Alpha-helix proteins
Hydrophobic amino acids anchor them into the membrane.
GPCR structure
Seven transmembrane domains, no channel formation.
Peripheral protein association
Through lipid anchors or interaction with integral proteins.
Lipid-linked proteins
Contain lipid tails for membrane attachment.
Protein mobility limitation
For functional organization and stability.
