Unit 1 - Medical and Directional Terminology Flashcards
Prefix
word element placed before a root; often indicating a location, time, number, or status
Root
word element containing basic meaning
Suffix
word element placed after a root, often indicating procedure, condition, disorder, or disease
Inter/osseous
prefix/root
inter- between, os- bone
Gastr/itis
root/suffi
Gastr- stomach, itis- inflammation
ovari/o/hyster/ectomy
to cut out/the ovaries/and uterus/ (suffix/root/root)
brady
prefix
slow
tachy
prefix
fast
peri
prefix
around
intra
prefix
within
inter
prefix
between
epi
prefix
upon
endo-internal
prefix
within
vasc
root
blood vessel
rhino
root
nose
os
root
bone
myo
root
muscle
nephro-, reno-
root
kidney
cardi
root
heart
broncho
root
lung airway
lapar
root
flank
otomy
suffix
to incise
ectomy
suffix
to cut out
ology
suffix
the study of
itis
suffix
inflammation of
opathy
suffix
disease of
algia
suffix
pain of
oma
suffix
swelling, tumor
cyte
suffix
cell
a, an
prefix
negative, without
ab
prefix
away, from
ad
prefix
toward
peri
prefix
around
ante
prefix
before
inter
prefix
between
epi
prefix
upon
hypo
prefix
below, less, decreased
supra
prefix
above
cervic
root
neck
ductum
root
led
os
root
bone
sterno
root
sternum
brachio
root
arm
rhombus
root
parallelogram w/ 4 equal sides
cephalo
root
head
dont
root
tooth
costa
root
rib
-ous, -us
suffix
pertaining to
ic
suffix
pertaining to
eal
suffix
pertaining to
ium
suffix
pertaining to structure
-eidos, -oid
suffix
shape, form of
ion
suffix
state of, result of, act of
a.
aa.
artery
arteries
v.
vv.
vein
veins
n.
nn.
nerve
nerves
m.
mm.
muscle
muscles
ln.
lnn.
lymph node
lymph nodes
sgl.
sgll.
salivary gland
salivary glands
lig.
ligg.
ligament
ligaments
3 major planes
median
transverse
dorsal
Median (midsagittal plane)
Runs through the longitudinal midline of the body dividing it into two symmetrical parts
Sagittal (paramedian plane)
Runs parallel to the median plane, dividing the body into two unequal left and right parts
Transverse (cross-sectional plane)
Runs through the cross-section of the body part
Dorsal
Divides the head and body into upper (dorsal) and lower (ventral) parts, or limbs into front and back. The dorsal plane of the limbs is vertical to the ground, while that of the thorax and abdomen is horizontal.
Directional terms - limbs
Cranial and caudal surfaces of limbs change to dorsal and palmar/plantar from carpus/tarsus and below
Axis
Central line of structure. Passes between digits 3 and 4 in carnivores, ruminants, swine, and center of digit 3 in horses
Axial/Abaxial
towards/away from the axis of the structure
Extension/Flexion
Increases/decrease joint angle
Medial/lateral
Toward/away the median plane
Proximal/distal
up the limb, in closer proximity to the body
down the limb, distant from the body
Supination/pronation
Lateral/medial of the paw and antebrachium
Abduction/adduction
Movement away/toward median plane (not the axis of limb)
