Unit 1- Long Answer Questions Facts Flashcards

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1
Q

Special theory of relativity

A

F = ma cannot be used for a particle traveling at very high speeds because its mass increases

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2
Q

Factors that affect drag force

A
  • surface area
  • density of fluid or viscosity of fluid
  • speed or velocity
  • (NOT weight or mass)
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3
Q

Factors that affect thinking distance

A
  • speed

* anything that affects reaction time e.g. Alcohol/ drugs, tiredness, distractions

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4
Q

Factors that affect braking distance

A
  • speed
  • anything that affects friction e.g. Wet road, worn brakes, worn tyres
  • mass of car
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5
Q

GPS

A
  • uses several satellites
  • which send out signals using microwaves
  • the GPS receiver detects the signals and work out the delay time
  • the distance to each satellite is calculated using delay time x speed of light
  • trilateration is used to locate the car
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6
Q

Airbags

A

Airbags are triggered by a very large deceleration triggering a chemical reaction to produce a large volume of gas in a very short time

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7
Q

Airbags, seat belts, crumple zones- stopping distance explanation

A
  • the distance moved while stopping increases
  • but the work done to stop the car is the same
  • therefore the forces is less because W=Fd so F = W/d
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8
Q

Airbags, seat belts, crumple zones- stopping time explanation

A
  • the time taken to stop increases
  • but the change in velocity is the same
  • therefore the acceleration is less because a= (v-u)/t
  • therefor the force is less because F=ma
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9
Q

Experiment to determine the acceleration of free fall

A
  • measure height of drop using a ruler or tape measure
  • measure time of drop using stopwatch
  • use g=2s/t^2 to find the acceleration
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10
Q

Experiment to determine the centre of gravity of an object

A
  • suspend the object from a point
  • mark a vertical line on the object using a plumb line to find the vertical
  • suspend from a second point and mark another vertical line
  • the point where the lines cross is the centre of gravity
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11
Q

Experiment to determine the Young modulus of a metal in the form of a wire

A
  • measure the original length using a ruler or tape measure
  • measure the extension using a traveling microscope with a marker
  • measure the force using a newtonmeter
  • measure the diameter of wire using a micrometer
  • calculate area
  • calculate the YM using the formulas or stress, strain and YM
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12
Q

Galileo & Aristotle

A
  • Aristotle said that heavy objects fall more quickly than light objects
  • Galileo: all objects fall with the same constant acceleration
  • They hit the ground at the same time
  • Proving that objects of different mass fall with the same constant acceleration
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