Unit 1 Lesson 1 Flashcards
Who can we credit the term ‘ecology’ to?
German zoologist Ernst Haeckel
What is the definition of ecology?
The relation of animals to its organic and inorganic environment
Ecology comes from the Greek word oikos which means?
house/home
Name the 6 levels of organization in ecology from biggest to smallest
Global, Landscape, Ecosystem, Community, Population, Organismal. GLECPO. Guineas Love Eating Chopped Peppers Often
Describe Organismal Ecology.
Studying how an organism’s traits/features are related to their environment, such as a camel maintaining its internal water balance.
Describe Population Ecology.
Studying how a group of organisms of the same species in an area are affected over time. I.e, what factors in the environment cause the population size to shrink/grow?
Describe Community Ecology.
A community is a group of populations (different species) in an area. This ecology examines, for example, what factors affect all mammals in an area.
Describe Ecosystem Ecology.
An ecosystem is made up of the community as well as physical factors in the area. Emphasizes ENERGY flow and chemical cycling between organisms and the environment. For example, how fire affects nutrient availability in grassland ecosystems.
Describe Landscape Ecology.
Landscape ecology is a mosaic of connected ecosystems. It focuses on the exchange of energy, materials, and organisms across ecosystems.
What is the word for the global ecosystem?
Biosphere
Describe Global Ecology.
It studies the influence of energy and materials across the globe. For example, how does CO2 concentration affect the temperature of the globe?
What does monophyletic mean?
A group of related species and their common ancestor.
What does polyphyletic mean?
A group that is classified together but do not have the same common ancestor.
What does paraphyletic mean?
A group of species that are classified together but does not include all of the descendants.
Describe soft vs hard polytomies.
Soft polytomies don’t have enough data , hard polytomies have 3 or more true taxa.
