Unit 1 Learning Aim B Flashcards
Define nature
Genetic inheritance and other biological factors
Define nurture
The influence of external factors such as social and environmental factors
What are the 3 theory’s of nature/ nurture affecting development?
- Gesell’s maturation Theory
- Bandura’s social learning theory
- Stress diathesis model
What does the stress diathesis model state and is it do with nature or nurture?
It states that you can be predisposed to a condition but you may not get it.
It is to do with both nature and nurture
What does Bandura’s social learning theory state and is it do with nature or nurture?
That people observe other people and that determines how you will develop
It is to do with nurture
What does Gesell’s maturation theory state and is it do with nature or nurture?
That if you get a condition or experience delayed development it is heredity (because of your genes)
It is to do with nature
List 8 genetic factors that affect development
- cystic fibrosis
- brittle bone disease
- phenylketonuria
- Huntington disease
- klinefelter disease
- Down’s syndrome
- colour blindness
- duchenne muscular dystrophy
Define susceptibility
An increased likelihood of acquiring a disease because of an individuals genetic make up
What diseases are likely to happen in individuals with a susceptibility?
Certain types of cancer
Diabetes
Having a high blood chloesteral
List 4 biological factors that affect development
- foetal alcohol syndrome
- Maternal infections during pregnancy
- lifestyle/diet during pregnancy
- congenital defects
define congenital
Present at birth
Apart from genetic factors, what other factors can be responsible for congenital defects at birth?
- socio-economic factors
- environmental factors
- infectious disease ( during pregnancy)
What environmental factors affect development?
- exposure to pollution
- poor housing conditions
What can exposure to pollution lead to?
- Respiratory disorder
- cardiovascular problems
- Allergies
What can poor housing conditions lead to?
- respiratory disorders
- cardiovascular problems
- hypothermia
- anxiety and depression
What social factors affect development?
- Family dysfunction
- bullying
- culture religions and beliefs
What economic factors affect development?
- income and expenditure
- employment status
- education
- Lifestyle
What are the 2 types of life events that affect development?
predictable events and unpredictable events
define predictable events
events that are expected to happen at a particular time =.
Define unpredictable events
events that happen unexpectedly and which may have serious physical and psychological effects on the individual.
List 5 predictable events
- starting school/ nursery
- beginning and changing employment
- leaving home/leaving care
- leaving prison
- marriage
- parenthood
- retirement
list 3 unpredictable events
- birth of a sibling
- redundancy
- illness and serious injury
- divorce
- bereavement
What did Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe believe?
That there was a correlation between psychological illness and stressful events.
