Unit 1: History Of Psychology Flashcards
Empiricism
Knowledge comes from experience, science must be observable
Structuralism
Early school of psychology, introspection to understand structure
Functionalism
HOW behavior functions, what’s its purpose
Experimental Psychology
Studying behavior w/ experimental methods
Behaviorism
- Psychology=objective science
- Study behavior w/o reference to any mental processes*
*modern psychologists don’t agree w/ 2
Humanistic Psychology
Potential for personal growth
Cognitive neuroscience
Interdisciplinary, how brain activities are linked to cognition
Psychology
1920: study of the mind
1960: study of observable behavior (behaviorism)
Present day: study of mental and behavioral processes ( a combination of the two)
Nature/Nuture issue
How genes/experiences influence our behavior
Presently accepted that both play a role
Natural selection
Traits that are useful to reproduction and survival continue (Charles Darwin)
Levels of analysis
Different (complementary) views for analyzing phenomenon
Biopsychosocial approach
Parts of levels of analysis
- Biological perspective
- Psychological perspective
- Social-Cultural perspective
Biological psychology
Link between biological processes and mental processes
Evolutionary psychology
The study of roots of traits/behaviors passed down by natural selection
Psychodynamic psychology
How unconscious drive/conflict influence behavior
Behavioral psychology
Observable behavior and explanation for principle learning
Social/Cultural Psychology
The study of how situation and culture affect behavior/thinking
Counseling psychology
Branch that assists people w/ mental disorder through their problems (ex. School counselor)
Human Factors psychology
People~Machine interaction; creating a safe and efficient workplace
Industrial/Organizational psychology
Applying psychology to optimize life in the workplace
Applied research
Scientific study that aims to solve practical issues
Social Psychology
How we think, influence, and interact with each other
Personality psychology
Study of individual characteristics; primarily those with patterns
Educational psychology
Psychology affects teaching/learning
Developmental psychology
Study of physical, cognitive, and social change throughout one’s life
Basic research
Pure science that aims to increase scientific knowledge base
Cognitive psychology
Scientific study of all mental activities associated w/ thinking, remembering, etc.
Clinical psychology
Study, assess, and treat psychological illness
Psychiatry
Medicine and psychology; can prescribe prescriptions
SQ3R
Survey Question Read Rehearse Review
Psychometrics
Study of the measurement of human thoughts, emotions, and abilities
