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AP Psych > Unit 1 HISTORY AND APPROACHES > Flashcards

Unit 1 HISTORY AND APPROACHES Flashcards

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1
Q

Psychology

A

The science of behavior and mental processes

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2
Q

Empiricism

A

Knowledge comes from experience

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3
Q

Wilhelm Wundt

A

Father of psych

1st psych lab

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4
Q

Structuralism

A

Used interpretation to reveal structure of of the human mind

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5
Q

Introspection

A

Looking in

HAD PROBLEMS

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6
Q

Functionalism

A

How mental and behaviorally processes function

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7
Q

Biological psych

A

Links btw brain and body

Influences behavior/thinking

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8
Q

Developmental psych

A

Studies of changes from womb to tomb

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9
Q

Cognitive psych

A

Experiments of how we perceive (think) and how we solve problems

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10
Q

Personality psych

A

Investigates traits

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11
Q

Social psych

A

Explores how we view/affect other people

How we are in groups

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12
Q

Psychoanalytic (older)

A

Unconscious aspects of the mind

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13
Q

Behavioral

A

Stresses the scientific study of observable behavior

OREO EFFECT

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14
Q

Socio-cultural (newest)

A

Studies things like nature of love, prejudice, aggressiveness , obedience and social conformity

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15
Q

Humanistic

A

Stresses individual’s capacity of personal growth through self-understanding and a nurturant social climate

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16
Q

Cognitive

A

How thought process influences behavior

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17
Q

Neurobiological

A

The brain and the nervous system are they key to understanding behavior, thoughts, and emotion

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18
Q

Evolutionary

A

Hoe behavior and mental processes are adaptive for survival

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19
Q

Naturalistic observation

A

Watching/recording behavior in natural setting (does not explain only describes

20
Q

Case study

A

Following a single case over an extending period of time

In depth

21
Q

Survey

A

Asks a fixed set of questions to a sampling of participants (estimate)

22
Q

Interviews

A

Use of answers plus body language

23
Q

Experiments

A

Use of scientific method

24
Q

Independent variable

A

Manipulated variable

25
Q

Dependent variable

A

Factor being measured

May change because of IV

26
Q

Confounding variable

A

Factor other than the IV that may change the outcome of the experiment

27
Q

Control group

A

Does not receive treatment

28
Q

Experimental group

A

Receives treatment (example of IV)

29
Q

Psychologist

A

One who helps people develop insight into their own problems and work out their own solutions
DOESN’T PROMISE A CURE

30
Q

psychiatrist

A

Medical doctor

31
Q

Mean

A

Average

32
Q

Mode

A

Number that occurs most frequently

33
Q

Median

A

Middle number

34
Q

Standard deviation

A

How much numbers vary from the mean

35
Q

Range

A

Gape between highest and lowest score

36
Q

Normal curve distribution (bell curve)

A

Most scores fall near the mean

37
Q

Positively skewed distribution

A

Skewed to the right

Mean greater than median

38
Q

Negatively skewed distribution

A

Skewed to the left

Mean is less than the median

39
Q

Correlation

A

Measure of the extent to which two factors vary together and thus of how well either factor predicts the other

40
Q

Positive correlation

A

If two sets tend to rise and fall together

41
Q

Negative correlation

A

If two sets relate inversely

42
Q

Illusory correlation

A

Perceived by nonexistent correlation

43
Q

Reliability

A

Extant to which a test yields a consistent result

44
Q

Validity

A

Extant to which test measures or predicts what is supposed to happen

45
Q

Theory

A

Explanation that organized observations

46
Q

Statistical significance

A

Observed difference between two #s is not due to chance

AP Psych (3 decks)

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