Unit 1 - Going Underground

Question 1

atop

Answer 1

/əˈtɑːp/
(preposition) on or at the top of
Ex: She sat atop a two-metre wall.
(prep) ở trên

Question 2

gem

Answer 2

/dʒem/
(n) a jewel (= precious stone), especially when cut into a particular regular shape
(n) đá quý

Question 3

fleck

Answer 3

/flek/
(n) a small mark or spot
Ex: I got a few flecks of paint on the window.
(n) a small mark, esp. of a different color
Ex: I got a few flecks of paint on the window when I was painting the frames.
(n) đốm, chấm, vết loang lổ

Question 4

endure

Answer 4

/ɪnˈdʊr/
(v) to suffer something difficult, unpleasant, or painful
Ex: She’s already had to endure three painful operations on her leg.
(v) to continue to exist for a long time
Ex: The political system established in 1400 endured until about 1650.
(v) chịu đựng, kiên nhẫn/ nhẫn nại

Question 5

harsh

Answer 5

/hɑːrʃ/
(a) unpleasant, unkind, cruel, or more severe than is necessary
Ex: We thought the punishment was rather harsh for such a minor offence.
(a) too strong, bright, loud, etc.
Ex: harsh chemicals/lighting
(a) severe and unpleasant
Ex: a harsh winter
(a) unkind or cruel
Ex: harsh criticism
(a) khắc nghiệt, thô, chát đắng

Question 6

outback

Answer 6

(a) hẻo lánh, phía trong = interior

Question 7

carve

Answer 7

/kɑːrv/
(v) to make something by cutting into especially wood or stone, or to cut into the surface of stone, wood, etc.
Ex: He carved her name on a tree.
(v) To carve a large piece of cooked meat is to cut thin pieces from it
Ex: Would you like me to carve (the turkey)?
(v) cắt, chạm, khắc, đục, thái, xé

Question 8

subterranean

Answer 8

/ˌsʌb.təˈreɪ.ni.ən/
(a) under the ground
Ex: subterranean passages
(a) dưới lòng đất, bí mật

Question 9

inhabitant = habitant

Answer 9

/ɪnˈhæb.ɪ.tənt/
(n) a person or animal that lives in a particular place
Ex: a city of five million inhabitants
(n) cư dân

Question 10

burrow

Answer 10

/ˈbɝː.oʊ/
(n) a hole dug in the ground that an animal, such as a rabbit, lives in
(v) to dig a hole in the ground, especially to live in
Ex: Rats had burrowed into the bank of the river.
(v) to move yourself into a position where you can feel warm, comfortable, or safe
Ex: Suddenly shy, our young daughter burrowed her head into my shoulder.
(v) to search for something, as if by digging
Ex: burrowed through the clothes in the drawer looking for a clean pair of socks.
(n) hang thỏ, hang chồn
(v) đào hang, đào xuống đất

Question 11

ethnic

Answer 11

/ˈeθ.nɪk/
(a) relating to a race or national group of people
Ex: The factory’s workforce reflects the ethnic mix of the local population.
(a) thuộc về chủng tộc, dân tộc

Question 12

rugged

Answer 12

/ˈrʌɡ.ɪd/
(a) (of land) wild and not even; not easy to travel over
Ex: rugged landscape/terrain/hills/cliffs
(a) strong and simple; not delicate
Ex: Jeeps are rugged vehicles, designed for rough conditions.
(a) gồ ghề, quanh co, lồi lõm

Question 13

clatter

Answer 13

/ˈklæt̬.ɚ/
(v + n) to make loud noises, or to hit hard objects against each other
Ex: Don’t clatter the pots and pans – you’ll wake the baby up.
(v) chạm, làm ồn ào, làm kêu vang
(n) kêu vang/ ngồi lê, đôi mách

Question 14

patron

Answer 14

/ˈpeɪ·trən/
(n) a person or group that gives money or support to a person, an activity, or an organization
Ex: Auchincloss is a longtime patron of the arts.
(n) a customer of a store, restaurant, hotel, etc., esp. a regular customer
(n) người bảo trọ/ bảo hộ, khách quen

Question 15

liberal

Answer 15

/ˈlɪb·ər·əl/
(a) allowing many different types of beliefs or behavior
Ex: a liberal society/person
(a) tending to emphasize the need to make new laws when necessary because of changing conditions and to depend on the government to provide social services:
Ex: a liberal policy/position
(a) giving or given in a generous way
Ex: Some merchants offer very liberal return policies, but others are strict
(a) without attention to or interest in small details
Ex: Other teachers are a lot more liberal about spelling errors than Mr. Brady.
(n + a) dồi dào, phóng khoáng, rộng rãi, tự do

Question 16

notwithstanding

Answer 16

/ˌnɑt·wɪθˈstæn·dɪŋ/
(prep, adv) not considering or being influenced by; despite
Ex: Injuries notwithstanding, this season has been a disappointment to me.
(adv) bất chấp, bất kể, tuy nhiên

Question 17

moonscape

Answer 17

/ˈmuːn.skeɪp/
(n) a view of the surface of the moon or of an area that looks like the surface of the moon
Ex: It was open desert, a moonscape with not a sign of life.
(n) cảnh mặt trăng

Question 18

flourishing

Answer 18

/ˈflɝː.ɪ.ʃɪŋ/
(a) growing or developing successfully
Ex: There’s a flourishing trade in these kind of items.
(a) hưng thịnh, thịnh vượng

Question 19

shaft

Answer 19

/ʃæft/
(n) a pole or rod that forms the handle of a tool or weapon
Ex: the shaft of a golf club
(n) a shalf of light = a beam of light
(n) a long, either vertical or sloping, passage through a building or through the ground
(n) trục, thân cây, buồng thang máy, tia sáng, hầm mỏ

Question 20

bulldozer

Answer 20

/ˈbʊlˌdoʊ·zər/
(n + v) a heavy vehicle with a large blade in front used for moving dirt and rocks and making the ground level
Ex: Several homes will have to be bulldozed to make room for the highway expansion.
(n + v) xe ủi

Question 21

sandstone

Answer 21

/ˈsændˌstoʊn/
(n) a soft, yellow or red rock, often used as a building material
(n) đá cát

Question 22

emerge

Answer 22

/ɪˈmɜrdʒ/
(v) to appear by coming out of something or out from behind something
Ex: The runway lights flashed on, and the first models emerged from behind the stage set.
(v) to become known or develop as a result of something
Ex: New business opportunities will emerge with advances in technology.
(v) to begin to exist or have power or influence
Ex: The new Executive Director will be responsible for ensuring that the state emerges as a leader in the field of next-generation energy.
(v) hiện ra, nhô lên, xuất hiện, trồi dậy

Question 23

blast

Answer 23

/blæst/
(n) an explosion, or something sudden and violent
Ex: One blast of wind blew out a couple of windows.
(n) an exciting and enjoyable experience
Ex: The party was a blast.
(v) to break apart or destroy by using explosives
Ex: To make the tunnel, engineers will have to blast through solid rock.
(v) to criticize strongly
Ex: The mayor blasted the press for not printing the facts.
(n + v) vụ nổ, nổ, ngọn gió

Question 24

assume

Answer 24

/əˈsum/
(v) to accept something as true without question or proof
Ex: We can’t assume (that) he’s innocent simply because he says he is.
(v) to pretend to be someone you are not, or to express a feeling falsely
Ex: During the investigation, two detectives assumed the identities of antique dealers.
(v) to take control or claim authority, sometimes without the right to do so
Ex: The new president assumes office in January.
(v) giả định, nhắm chừng, giả vờ, phỏng đoán

Question 25

primitive

Answer 25

/ˈprɪm·ɪ·t̬ɪv/
(a) of or typical of an early stage of development; not advanced or complicated in structure
Ex: The pioneers who settled the west had to cope with primitive living conditions.
(a + n) nguyên thủy, ban sơ, chất phát, sơ khai

Question 26

groove

Answer 26

/ɡruv/
(n) a long, narrow, hollow space cut into a surface
Ex: The window slides along a groove in the frame.
(n + v) rạch, đường rãnh, khía, cái rãnh

Question 27

plaster

Answer 27

/ˈplæs·tər/
(n) a substance that is used esp. for spreading on walls and ceilings because it makes a smooth, hard surface after it dries
(n) Band-Aid
(v) To plaster a surface or an object with something is to cover it completely or thickly
Ex: She has plastered her bedroom walls with posters of pop singers.
(n) băng cá nhân
(v) dán lại, trát lại (+ over)

Question 28

interior

Answer 28

/ɪnˈtɪər·i·ər/
(a) inner; on or from the inside
Ex: The interior surface of the seashell was smooth.
(n) the inside part of something
(n + a) bên trong, thuộc về nội địa

Question 29

pave

Answer 29

/peɪv/
(v) to cover an area of ground or a road with materials such as stone, concrete, or bricks that will form a hard, level surface
(v) lát đường, lát sân, lót sân/ đường

Question 30

illustrate

Answer 30

/ˈɪl·əˌstreɪt/
(v) to add pictures to something, such as a book
Ex: She writes children’s books and also illustrates them.
(v) to show the meaning or truth of something more clearly by giving examples
Ex: To illustrate her point, she told a story about how her family felt when they moved here.
(v) giảng nghĩa, chú giải, minh họa, thuyết minh

Question 31

nonetheless

Answer 31

/ˌnʌn·ðəˈles/
(adv) despite what has just been said or referred to; nevertheless
Ex: There are possible risks, but nonetheless, we feel it’s a sound investment.
(adv) dù sao thì

Question 32

refuge

Answer 32

/ˈref·judʒ/
(n) protection or shelter from danger, trouble, etc., or a place that provides this
Ex: Residents took refuge in their basements during the tornado.
(n + v) nơi ẩn náu, trốn tránh

Question 33

rug

Answer 33

/rʌɡ/
(n) a shaped piece of thick cloth for covering part of a floor
Ex: The rug we bought for the living-room has a beautiful red and gold pattern.
(n) mền, tấm thảm

Question 34

excerpt

Answer 34

/ˈek·sɜrpt, ˈeɡ·zɜrpt/
(v) to take a small part from a speech, book, film, etc. in order to publish it separately
Ex: This passage has been excerpted from her latest novel.
(n) a short part taken from a speech, book, etc.
(v + n) trích đoạn, rút ra từ một đoạn văn

Question 35

parenthese

Answer 35

(n) dấu ngoặc kép

Question 36

parentheses

Answer 36

(n) dấu ngoặc đơn

Question 37

insulation

Answer 37

/ˌɪn·səˈleɪ·ʃən/
(n) the act of covering something to stop heat, sound, or electricity from escaping or entering, or the fact that something is covered in this way
(n) vật liệu/ sự cách điện, nhiệt, âm…
Ex: heat insulation, noise insulation, electricity insulation

Question 38

radon

Answer 38

/ˈreɪ·dɑn/
(n) a colorless radioactive gas that is formed when radium (= a chemical element) and some other substances break down

Question 39

moldy

Answer 39

/ˈmoʊl·di/
(a) (of food, esp. old food, or objects that have been left too long in warm, wet places) covered or filled with a soft green, blue, gray, or black growth, usually undesirable but thought to add a desirable taste to some cheeses
Ex: moldy cheese
(a) bị mốc

Question 40

pile

Answer 40

/pɑɪl/
(n) a number of things lying on top of each other
Ex: a pile of clothes, a pile of books, a pile of newspaper
(n) một chồng

Question 41

vast

Answer 41

/væst/
(a) extremely large
Ex: The vast majority of our students – nearly 90 percent – graduate within four years.
(a) bao la, rộng lớn, to lớn

Question 42

sewer

Answer 42

/ˈsu·ər/
(n) an artificial passage or pipe, usually underground, that carries waste and used water from sinks and toilets away from buildings to a place where they can be safely gotten rid of
Ex: The county is putting in new sewers.
(n) cống nước, ống cống, người vá/ may quần áo

Question 43

archaeological = archeological

Answer 43

/ˌɑːr.ki.əˈlɑː.dʒɪ.kəl/
(a) involving or relating to archaeology
Ex: an archaeological dig/excavation
(a) cổ tích học, khảo cổ học

Question 44

enormous

Answer 44

/ɪˈnɔr·məs/
(a) extremely large or great
(a) khổng lồ, to lớn, phi thường

Question 45

rig

Answer 45

/rɪɡ/
(v) to arrange dishonestly for the result of something, for example an election, to be changed
Ex: Previous elections in the country have been rigged by the ruling party.
(v) to fix a piece of equipment in place
Ex: We rigged up a tent between two trees.
(n) a large structure that is used for removing oil or gas from the ground or the bottom of the sea
(n) âm mưu sắp đặt trước, dụng cụ, giàn khoan
(v) dựng (cột buồm), ăn mặc lố lăng, làm biến động/ lũng đoạn thị trường

Question 46

vault

Answer 46

(n) a room, especially in a bank, with thick walls and a strong door, used to store money or valuable things in safe conditions
(n) a type of arch that supports a roof or ceiling, especially in a church or public building, or a ceiling or roof supported by several of these arches
(v) to jump over something by first putting your hands on it or by using a pole
Ex: She vaulted the wall and kept running.
(n) kho tiền, khung vòm

Question 47

infrastructure

Answer 47

/ˈɪn·frəˌstrʌk·tʃər/
(n) the basic structure of an organization or system which is necessary for its operation, esp. public water, energy, and systems for communication and transport
(n) cơ sở hạ tầng

Question 48

utility

Answer 48

/juˈtɪl·ɪ·t̬i/
(n) ability to satisfy a particular need; usefulness
Ex: Its basic utility lies in being able to drive where other vehicles can’t go.
(n) a supply of gas, electricity, water, or telephone service to homes and businesses, or a business that supplies such services
Ex: a utility bill
(n + a) tính thiết thực, hữu dụng, hữu ích, lợi ích

Question 49

sonar

Answer 49

/ˈsoʊ.nɑːr/
(n) equipment, especially on a ship, that uses sound waves to discover how deep the water is or the position of an object in the water, such as a group of fish

Question 50

unravel

Answer 50

/ʌnˈræv·əl/
(v) (of woven cloth) to separate into threads, or to separate the fibers of a thread, rope, or cloth
Ex: My sweater is unraveling.
(v) to solve a crime or explain a mystery
Ex: You will discover what the title means as you unravel the movie’s mysteries.
(v) làm sáng tỏ, chỉnh đốn công việc, tháo sợi vải

Question 51

recapture

Answer 51

/riˈkæp·tʃər/
(v) to take something into your possession again, especially by force
Ex: The army recaptured the town from the rebels.

Question 52

enforcement

Answer 52

/ɪnˈfɔːrs.mənt/
(n) the process of making people obey a law or rule, or making a particular situation happen or be accepted
Ex: Voters support the enforcement of immigration laws.
(n) sự bắt buộc, thi hành, thực thi, tuân theo

Question 53

seaport

Answer 53

/ˈsiˌpɔrt, -ˌpoʊrt/
(n) a town or city on the water where ships load and unload freight
(n) cảng biển, hải cảng

Question 54

smuggler

Answer 54

/ˈsmʌɡlər/
(n) someone who takes goods or people into or out of a country illegally
Ex: a drug/arms/human smuggler
(n) người buôn lậu

Question 55

patrol

Answer 55

/pəˈtroʊl/
(v) to go around an area or a building to check that it is free from trouble or danger
Ex: Security guards patrol the building at night.
(v + n) đi tuần tra

Question 56

corrode

Answer 56

/kəˈroʊd/
(v) to destroy or be destroyed, esp. by acid or rust, usually over a long period of time
Ex: Rain water corroded the metal pipes.
(v) ăn mòn

Question 57

corrosion

Answer 57

(n) sự ăn mòn

Question 58

bulk

Answer 58

/bʌlk/
(n) something very large, or a large amount, not divided into smaller parts
Ex: Tankers carry bulk shipments of oil.
(n) The bulk of something is the larger part of it
Ex: He gave the bulk of his paintings to the museum.
(n) số lượng, kích cỡ, tải trọng lớn
(v) chất đống hợp lại

Question 59

outward

Answer 59

/ˈɑʊt·wərd/
(a) relating to how people, situations, or things seem to be, rather than how they are inside –> outwardly
Ex: There were no outward signs that she was injured.
(adv) away from a particular place or toward the outside
Ex: The door opens outward.
(a) bề ngoài, bên ngoài

Question 60

lawn

Answer 60

/lɔn, lɑn/
(n) an area of grass, esp. near a house or in a park, which is cut regularly to keep it short
(n) bãi cỏ

Question 61

footage

Answer 61

/ˈfʊt̬·ɪdʒ/
(n) (a piece of) film or videotape that shows a single event or place
Ex: Footage showing entire city blocks in flames flickered nightly on TV.
(n)n cảnh quay, bề dài, chiều dài

Question 62

footprint

Answer 62

/ˈfʊtˌprɪnt/
(n) a mark left on a surface by a foot
(n) the shape on the ground that is covered by something such as a building
(n) dấu chân, vết chân