Unit 1 GENETICS Flashcards
Nucleotide
Basic building block of nucleic acid; made from nitrogen bases.
A,T,G,C
A:Adenine
T:Thymine
G: Guanine
C:Cytosine
Which Nucleonic acids bond with which
Adenine and Thymine
Guanine and Cytosine
3 Stages of a Cell Cycle
Interphase
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
Define CHROMATID
One side of a double stranded DNA Chromosone
Define SISTER CHROMATID
Two Chromatids Conjoined
Define CENTROMERE
What holds the Sister Chromatids Together
Define HOMOLOGOUS PAIRS
4 Chromosomes, 2 Pairs
Define ALLELE
Alternative form or version of a gene
Define CROSSING OVER
When Chromosomes of the same type are lined up and mixed
Define GAMETE
Reproductive Cell with Haploid amount of DNA
Define HAPLOID
N= Half
Define DIPLOID
2N= Full
Define SYNAPSIS
When a Tetrad is formed using 2 Homologous Pairs
Purpose of Meiosis
Genetic Reduction
Genetic Recombination
Turner Syndrome
XO
-Short
-Webbed Neck
-Sexually Underdeveloped
Kleinfelter Syndrome
XXY
-Sexual Immaturity
-Breast Swelling
Down Syndrome
Trisomy 21
-Intellectual Disabilities
-Abnormal Palm Creases
-Almond Shaped Eyes
-Flattened Face
Law of Segregation
Law that states that traits are determined by pairs of alleles that separate during meiosis so that each gametes receives an allele
Law of Independant Assortment
Law that states that during gamete formation, the 2 alleles of one gene separate during meiosis so each gamete receives one allele.
Phenotype
Physical Trait
Genotype
Genetic Trait
Define EUPLOIDY
When a person has the normal amount of chromosones
