Unit 1 Exam Ch. 17 Flashcards
Who were buffalo soldiers/who named them?
Black soldiers who fought for the govt. Name by the Indians because their skin was same color as the buffalo.
What is strip mining
Large Corps gouge out large portions of the land to get to gold and silver then leave it like that and move on.
What was the Homestead Act and when was it enacted?
160 acres free land to anyone who will: build a house/dig a well, plow ten acres, and live on it. 1862
what are sodbusters
people used the sod and mud as bricks to build their houses
What two races were half the cowboy population
Black and Mexican
famous Indian who followed Dawes Act
Tom Torlino from Navajo Torlino
how did the railroads make so much money
as people developed the land, the cost of the land value went up. That is when the railroads would sell the land as they moved westward.
What was the federal government’s 1st colonial empire?
The West
what happens to what the west produces
they get sent east to be traded
How many buffalo destroyed
13 million to 1000 left.
Dawes Act
To assimilate the Indians to white society. Disband tribes, learn the bible and forget their own religious beliefs, dress as whites in return for 160 acres.
What was the first industry of the west/most famous/year began/what produced
Mining/CA Gold Rush/1848/gold, silver, copper
Where was cattle from west sent to and how
cattle driven from Texas 1000 miles to railroads in MO & KS to sell, and transported cattle to get to market in the east.
what did cowboys driving cattle face
Indian attacks and or Indians requesting payment to pass.
What two things needed to be removed to settle the Great Plains
Indians and buffalo
what was invented to keep cattle from roaming onto farms
Barbed wire fencing
what disappeared in 1890 as reported by the us census
the western frontier (all the west settled to the pacific).
how long to settle the east and how long to settle the west
250 to settle east to TN. 30 years the settle west of TN to the pacific.
Economic Development in the west/3 booms and busts
Mining, Cattle raising, farming
How were railroads compensated to continue to build
for every mile of railroad built the govt would give them 10 miles of land to sell to offset costs.
What replaced buffalo grasses on the plains
Wheat
what creates the continental economy in the US
They are tied together by the Railroads
What did the railroads signify for this time period
technology/beginning of modern us economy
US response to Custer massacre/where/year/brought an end to what?
They killed all the men, women, and children with machine guns at Wounded Knee. 1890. End of 30 years indian war.
what years and what occurred in the 30 years indian war
1860 to 1890. Indians moved to reservations or killed if they resisted
Where is the Great Plains located
between the Rocky Mounts. and the MS River
What myth was sold to families coming west about the great plains
rain will follow the plow/plowing is god’s work
What is ghost dancing
indian ceremonial dance to make things like they were (no white man, buffalo back, spirits of ancestors back, new grass and soil).
Colonel Armstrong Custer. About/year/battle/famous Indian Chief
Custer’s Last Stand. 1876. Brought 200 of his men to capture escaped Indians (Sitting Bull), but there were 2000 indians and they were massacred.
Importance/famous quote of Gen. Phillip Sheridan
Sent to exterminate the Indians. “The only good Indian is a dead Indian”.
What was the free open range and where
no settlers, just a cattle bonanza where they roamed free. In West TX, NM, AZ, CO, UT.
what is the western settlement plan
frontier line keeps moving further west as the land is settled.
