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A&P > Unit 1 Exam (Ch 1&2) > Flashcards

Unit 1 Exam (Ch 1&2) Flashcards

1
Q

hydrogen bonding of amino acids
produces a spiral
(level of protein structure)

A

Secondary

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2
Q

Shuts off original stimulus or reduces intensity

A

Negative Feedback

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3
Q

series of connected monosaccharides

A

polysaccharide

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4
Q

Organic compounds

A

Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, nucleic acids

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5
Q

Polysaccharide used in animals for storage

A

glycogen

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6
Q

Study of the external features of the body

A

Surface Anatomy

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7
Q

larger more complex substances are broken down into smaller simpler molecules

A

Catabolism

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8
Q

Carbon skeleton bent - 4 carbon fused ring

A

Steriod

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9
Q

Study of chemical composition and reactions

A

Biochemistry

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10
Q

Structural Level: Tissue

A

Group of many similar cells performing common function

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11
Q

Connected together by dehydration synthesis into a peptide bond

A

amino acid building

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12
Q

3 fatty acids bound to glycerol (-COOH)

A

Triglycerides

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13
Q

Accelerate a reaction

Goes unchanged and can be used over and over

A

Catalysts

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14
Q

Pyrimidines have __ ring base

A

1

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15
Q

The reactant losing electrons is the electron ___ and is called ___

A

exchange

donor, oxidized

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16
Q

reactions that absorb energy

A

Endergonic

anabolic

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17
Q

Sugar in RNA

A

ribose

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18
Q

Subdivisions of Microscopic Anatomy

A

Histology

Cytology

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19
Q

Properties of Water

A

Cohesion
Stability
Solvency
Cushion

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20
Q

Study of structural changes from fertilization to adulthood

A

Developmental Anatomy

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21
Q

Simplest kind of carbohydrate

A

monosaccharide

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22
Q

sequence of a chain of amino acids

level of protein structure

A

Primary

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23
Q

Organic compound characteristics

A

Covalent Nature (strong and stable)
Non-polar
Insoluble in Water
Low melting and boiling points

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24
Q

Three types of Carbohydrates

A

Monosaccharide
Disaccharide
Polysaccharide

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25
Q

The substance in which an enzyme acts

A

substrate

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26
Q

Water loving

A

hydrophilic

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27
Q

What is the “base steroid”

A

Cholesterol

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28
Q

reactions where food fuels are broken down for energy

A

oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions

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29
Q

Levels of Organization

A

Chemical–> Cell–> Tissue–> Organ–> Organ System–> Organism

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30
Q

covers the internal organ

A

Visceral Serosa

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31
Q

Name the Pyrimidines

A

Cytosine, Thymine and uracile

32
Q

substance that releases hydroxyl ions (OH-) in solution

A

base

33
Q

Diglyceride with phosphorus group and 2 fatty acids chains

Polar head, non polar tail

A

Phospholipid

34
Q

Polysaccharide used in plants for storage

A

Starch

35
Q

three dimensional folding pattern of a protein due to side chain reactions
(level of protein structure)

A

Tertiary

36
Q

These fats have a double covalent bond (and two H)

A

non-saturated

37
Q

Inorganic compounds

A

Water, salts, and many acids and bases. Do not contain hydrogen and carbon

38
Q

Structural Level: Chemical

A

Atoms form molecules. Molecules are the chemical building blocks of all body structures

39
Q

Structural Level: Organism

A

living being that has a cellular structure and that can independently perform all physiologic functions necessary for life

40
Q

reactions that release energy

A

Exergonic

catabolic and oxidative

41
Q

Building blocks of all proteins

A

Amino Acids

42
Q

The reactant taking on the electrons is the electron ___ and is called ___

A

synthesis

acceptor, reduced

43
Q

Structural Level: Organ System

A

group of organs that work together to perform major functions or meet physiological needs of the body

44
Q

Importance of DNA and RNA- Tell the cell how to…

A

Grow
Reproduce
Respond to environmental changes
How to make protein

45
Q

when bonds are broken, a water is added

A

hydrolysis

46
Q

These fats have a single covalent bond

A

saturated fats

47
Q

smaller, simpler molecules are combined into larger, more complex substances

A

Anabolism

48
Q

range of the pH scale

A

0-14

0) Acid — Water (7) — Base (14

49
Q

Principle of Complementarity

A

Anatomy and Physiology are inseparable

Function reflects structure and structure determines function

50
Q

The body’s ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment

A

Homeostasis

51
Q

Purines have ___ ring base

A

2

52
Q

Water fearing

A

hydrophobic

53
Q

protein consisting of more than one amino acid chain

level of protein structure

A

Quaternary

54
Q

Study of the larger structures of the body

A

Gross / Macroscopic

55
Q

How does a buffer work…?

A

Releases H+ was pH rises

Binding H+ when pH drops

56
Q

solution of a weak acid and its conjugate base

A

buffer

57
Q

Structural Level: Cell

A

Smallest independently functioning unit of a living organism

58
Q

Which primary elements (6) are covalently bonded in Organic Molecules

A 
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Carbon
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Sulfur
59
Q

Structural Level: Organ

A

distinct structure of the body composed of two or more tissue types

60
Q

Two linked sugar molecules

A

disaccharide

61
Q

gobular proteins that act as biological catalysts

A

Enzymes

62
Q

when bonds are formed, a water is removed

A

dehydration synthesis

63
Q

4 Nitrogen Bases

A

Adenine
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine

64
Q

Necessary life functions (7)…

A 
Organization
Metabolism
Responsiveness
Movement
Development
Growth
Reproduction
65
Q

Survival Needs

A 
Nutrients
Water
Oxygen
Normal Body Temperature
Appropriate Atmospheric Pressure
66
Q

Molecule of DNA is called

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Nitrogenous base, five carbon sugar (deoxyribose) and a phosphate group

67
Q

How many fatty acid chains are in a phosolipid

A

two

68
Q

Name the Purines

A

Adenine & Guanine

69
Q

Molecule of RNA is called

A

Ribonucleic Acid

70
Q

Themes in Physiology

A
  1. Structure determines function
  2. Energy required to maintain life
  3. Information flows between organ systems to coordinate function
  4. Organ systems maintain homeostasis
71
Q

Action intensifies a condition so that it s driven farther beyond normal limits

A

Positive Feedback

72
Q

forms the outer-wall of the cavity

A

Parietal Serosa

73
Q

when acids and bases are combined, in results into a ___ and ___

A

Water and Salt

Neutralization

74
Q

substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+) in solution

A

acid

75
Q

____ provide the body with fuel

A

Carbohydrates

A&P (11 decks)

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