Unit 1 - Electricity Flashcards
What is a triboelectric series?
A chart that shows different materials.
The higher a material is on the series, the greater its tendency to lose electrons
Name three good conductors
Copper Aluminum Iron Mercury Other minerals
Name three good insulators
Rubber
Wood
Plastic
Pure water
Name three FAIR conductors
Water with minerals Moist air Human body Carbon Soil
What does the law of attraction state?
Opposites attract, and same charge repel.
Negative —> Positive
In a series circuit, what happens when you double the load?
Double the load, HALF THE CURRENT.
For example, if a series circuit has a current of 0.30 C/s with one light bulb, when you add another light bulb it will be 0.15C/s
What is Kirkoff’s law for a series circuit?
Current and voltage
The current is the same throughout the circuit, no matter where you measure it.
I=I=I=I=I…
The total voltage is obtained by adding all the voltage drops in the circuit.
Total voltage = V+V+V+V+V…
What does kirkoff’s law state for parallel circuits?
The voltage is the same throughout the circuit, no matter where you measure it.
V=V=V=V=V…
The total current is obtained by adding all the current drops in the circuit.
Total current = I+I+I+I+I+I…
What is the formula for finding the voltage is a circuit?
V = IR
How do you charge something by contact?
Charging by contact occurs when electrons are transferred from the charged object to the neutral object that it touches.
Define ‘power’ in electricity
Power is the amount of energy used per second.
What particle is transferred to create electricity?
Electrons.
How does friction affect electrons?
It can transfer them from one element to another depending on their places in the triboelectric series.
What’s the term used to explain the triboelectric series?
Electron affinity.
How do charges behave?
Opposites attract, like charges repel.
When is water an insulator?
When it is pure. Otherwise dissolved minerals act as conductors.
How can you detect static charge?
Using an electroscope, or a pith ball.
What is ground?
A thing with so many electrons that is can neutralize anything that it is connected to.
What is induction?
The movement of electrons caused by other charged object that are not in contact.
How does charging by induction occur?
A charged object is brought near but not touched to a neutral conducting object. The presence of a charged object near a neutral conductor will induce electrons within the conductor to move.
What is electrical discharge?
The spark from static electricity moving.
Why does lightning strike?
The electron buildup at the bottom of the cloud build up and create a positive charge on the ground, which it then compensates for by discharging electrons in the form of lightning.
How does a Van de Graff generator work?
The friction between the rubber belt and the comb create a negative charge, which is transferred to the metal sphere.
What is a load in a circut?
A part of a circuit that converts electrical energy into another type of energy.
What is a source?
A part of a circuit that converts any type of energy into electrical energy.
What is a conductor?
Part of a circuit that allows electrons to flow.
What is a control?
A part of a circuit that toggles the flow of electrons.
What is an electrolyte?
A liquid or paste that contains chemicals that form ions.
What is an electrode?
A strip of metal that reacts with electrolytes.
What is the difference between a wet and dry cell?
A wet cell uses liquid, and a dry cell uses a paste.
What path do electrons take?
The path of least resistance.
What are conductors?
An object or type of material that allows the flow of electrical current in one or more directions
What are insulators?
An object or type of material that does not allow electrical current to flow freely through it.
