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pharm 2 > unit 1 dosages > Flashcards

unit 1 dosages Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

Optimizing Cephalexin Dosing
* Usual dosage range:
* dependent on?
* Half-life:
* Excretion:
* Cellulitis dose
* Cystitis dose
* Suggests minimum of hours of subtherapeutic blood concentrations with Q12hr dosing

A
  • Usual dosage range: 250 to 1,000mg every 6 hours or 500mg every 12 hours
  • Time Dependent Drug: works best the longer concentrations stay above MIC
  • Half-life: approximately 1-hour for adults
  • Excretion: Urine 80-100% as unchanged drug in 6-8 hours
  • Cellulitis: 500mg 4 times daily
  • Cystitis: 500mg twice daily
  • Suggests minimum 4-6 hours of subtherapeutic blood concentrations with Q12hr dosing
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3
Q

Amoxicillin Pharmacokinetics
adult dosing immeadiate and extended release
all dosing based on which formula?
what timeframe for dosing is usually used?

A

8hrs usually used

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4
Q

amoxicillin dosage for periodontitis

A
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5
Q

augmentin and amoxicillin dosage

A
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6
Q

reducing augmentin shits

A

Goal 14:1 ratio of amoxicillin to clavulanate to lessen this side effect
ideal: 600: Amoxicillin 600 mg /clavulanate 42.9mg per 5mL *

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7
Q

amoxicillin dosing

A
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8
Q

augmentin dosing

A
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9
Q

kelfex Rx

A

RX: Cephalexin 500mg po QID x 5 days

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10
Q

Cefuroxime rx

A

Cefuroxime 500mg po BID x 5 days

less doing with longer t1/2

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11
Q

Metro DENTAL USES:
●Combined with? used when?
nickname
●Management of?
●Rx:

A

●Combined w/ -Lactams - 1st Line for serious orofacial
infections
 “poor man’s Augmentin”
●Management of refractory or progressive periodontitis.
●Rx: Metronidazole 500mg po Q8h x 5days, #15

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12
Q

clindamyacin rx

A
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13
Q

Low-dose systemic doxycycline for refractory agg. periodontitis
● dose

A

● Periostat™ (100 mg PO daily

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14
Q

macrolide dosages
Orofacial Infection:
Perio Infection:

A

Orofacial Infection: 500mg, then 250mg PO Daily x 4 days.
Perio Infection: 500mg PO Daily x 5 days

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15
Q

preffered prophylaxis dose

A

Amoxicillin 2gm X1 dose 30-60mins prior to dental procedure preferred

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16
Q

AAOS Recommended Prophylaxis number one choice adult/child doses

A

Oral Amoxicillin
adult: 2g
child: 50 mg/kg

30-60 min before

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17
Q

what if pt cannot take oral abx but no allergies?.

PJI prophylaxis

A

Ampicillin 2g IM or IV 50mg/kg IM or IV
OR
Ceftriaxone 1g IM or IV 50mg/kg IM or IV

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18
Q

what if pt has a hx of penicillin allergies but can take oral abx (joint prophylaxis)

A

Cephalexin 2 g 50 mg/kg
OR
Azithromycin or clarithromycin 500 mg 15 mg/kg

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19
Q

Allergic to penicillins and unable to take oral
medication for pji prophy

A

Ceftriaxone 1 g IM or IV 50 mg/kg IM or IV
OR
Azithromycin or clarithromycin 500 mg 15 mg/kg

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20
Q

acyclovir preps for hsv
oral cap, tablet, suspension and ointment

A
21
Q

acyclovir rx for adults (recurrent and primary infections)

adjusted for?

A
22
Q

valcyclovir preps

A

Oral: tablets (500 mg or 1000 mg)

23
Q

valcyclovir dosing (primary and recurrent infections)

adjust for?

A
24
Q

penciclovir prep

A

1% external cream

25
Q

penciclovir dosing

A
26
Q

famciclovir preps

A

Oral: tablets (125, 250, and 500 mg)
*Tablets contain lactose

27
Q

famciclovir dosing (primary and recurrent infections)

adjust for?

A
28
Q

Docosanol preps

A

10% external cream

29
Q

docosanol dosing

A
30
Q

acyclovr suspensionexample rx

A
31
Q

valacyclovir recurrence example rx

A
32
Q

penciclovir example rx

A
33
Q

famciclovir recurrence example rx

A
34
Q

Oseltamivir prep

oral ans suspension

A
35
Q

Oseltamivir dosing

tx and prevention,adjust for?

A
36
Q

Baloxavir marboxil prep

A

single tablet pack (40 or 80 mg)

37
Q

Baloxavir marboxil dosage

tx and prophy

A
38
Q

oseltamavir example rx

A
39
Q

Baloxavir marboxil example rx

A
40
Q

Oropharyngeal thrush tx options

A
41
Q

fluconazole tx of esphogeal thrush

A

Fluconazole - 400 mg as a loading dose and then 200 to 400 mg daily for 14 to 21days given orally

42
Q

Miconazole (Oravig) dosage

A

50 mg (1 tablet) applied to upper gum once daily for 7-14 days
* Apply in morning after brushing. Alternate sides of mouth with each application; do not crush, chew, or swallow. Avoid chewing gum while in place.
* If the tablet does not adhere to gum or falls off within 6 hours of application, same tablet should be repositioned immediately.
* Exposure time important: goal entirety of waking hours.

43
Q

Clotrimazole (Mycelex) dosage
* Metabolized in? contraindicated in?
* Avoid in combination with?
* Oral Troche?

A

10mg (1 troche) dissolved slowly 5 times daily for 7-14 days
* Metabolized in liver – 3A4. Contraindicated in liver disease.
* Avoid in combination with benzodiazapines; HIV
* Oral Troche for management of oral candidiasis

44
Q

Fluconazole (Diflucan) dentistry uses and rx

A

Esophogeal candidiasis or refractory, resistant oral candidiasis.
Rx: Fluconazole 200mg tablet, #15
400mg once, then 200mg PO daily x 14days

45
Q

Clotrimazole (Mycelex) troches example rx for topical

A
46
Q

Nystatin oral suspension example rx

A
47
Q

Oravig (Miconazole) example rx

A
48
Q

Magic Mouthwash formula

A
  • NO STANDARD formula
  • 80% of healthcare facilities compound their own unique formula
49
Q

Magic Mouthwash Ingredients
* Most Common:

A
  • Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) >90%
  • Viscous lidocaine 90%
  • Magnesium hydroxide/ Aluminum hydroxide (Maalox) 80%
  • Nystatin 30%
  • Corticosteroids 10%
  • Tetracyclines 10%

pharm 2 (20 decks)

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