Unit 1: Disasters

Question 1

Environmentalism

Answer 1

social dedicated to trying to protect Earth’s life support system

Question 2

Environmental science

Answer 2

an interdisciplinary study of how humans interact with the living and non-living parts of their environment

Question 3

ecology

Answer 3

the biological science that studies how living things interact with one another and with their environment

Question 4

planetary model

Answer 4

we are separate from and in charge of nature which exists to fill our needs and wants, but can also use technology and ingenuity to protect long-term

Question 5

stewardship model

Answer 5

we can and should manage the Earth for our benefit, but we have a responsibility to be good stewards

Question 6

environmental wisdom

Answer 6

we are dependent on nature; Earth’s life support exists for all species

Question 7

ecological footprint

Answer 7

amount of land and water needed to supply a person or an area with renewable resources such as food and water, and that are needed to absorb and recycle the wastes and pollution produced by such resource use

Question 8

per capita ecological footprint

Answer 8

average ecological footprint in each community or area

Question 9

point source pollution

Answer 9

pollution resulting from single, identifiable sources

Question 10

nonpoint source pollution

Answer 10

pollution resulting from sources that are dispersed and often difficult to identify

Question 11

common property resource

Answer 11

resource that is owned jointly by a large group of individuals

Question 12

private property resource

Answer 12

resource that is owned by small group of individuals

Question 13

inexhaustible resource

Answer 13

resource that will have a continuous supply for an indefinite period ex. solar energy

Question 14

renewable resource

Answer 14

resources that can be replenished by natural processes within hours to centuries, it is produced faster than used

Question 15

non-renewable resource

Answer 15

resources that exist in a fixed quantity, or stock in the Earth’s crust

Question 16

ecosystem services

Answer 16

natural services or natural capital that support life on Earth and are essential to the quality of human life and the functioning of the world’s economies

Question 17

sustainability

Answer 17

the capacity of the earth’s natural systems to survive, flourish, and adapt to the changing environmental conditions into the very long-term future

Question 18

Nature has been sustained for billions of years by relying on….

Answer 18

solar energy, biodiversity, and chemical cycling

Question 19

Our lives depend on…

Answer 19

energy from the sun and on natural resources and ecosystem services provided by the Earth

Question 20

We could shift toward living more sustainably by

Answer 20

full-cost pricing, searching for win-win solutions, and committing to preserving the Earth’s life support system for future generations

Question 21

environment

Answer 21

the living and nonliving things (air, water, and energy) with which we interact in a complex web of relationships that connect us to one another and to the world we live in

Question 22

environmental science incorporates…

Answer 22

social, natural, humanities

Question 23

Three goals of ES

Answer 23

learn how Earth has survived and thrived
Understand how we interact
Find ways to deal with environmental problems and live more sustainably

Question 24

organisms

Answer 24

living things

Question 25

species

Answer 25

a group of organisms that has a unique set of characteristics that distinguish it from other groups of organisms

Question 26

scientific principles of sustainability

Answer 26

the three major natural factors that have played key roles in the long-term sustainability of life on this planet

Question 27

Three principles are...

Answer 27

dependence on solar energy, biodiversity, chemical cycling

Question 28

nutrients

Answer 28

chemicals necessary for plants to carry out life processes

Question 29

solar energy

Answer 29

indirect forms of energy powered by the sun such as wind and flowing water

Question 30

biodiversity

Answer 30

the variety of genes, organisms, species, and ecosystems in which organisms exist and interact

Question 31

chemical cycle (nutrient cycling)

Answer 31

circulation of chemicals necessary for life from the environment

Question 32

Natural capital

Answer 32

the natural resources and natural services that keep us and other species alive and support human economies

Question 33

three types of natural resources

Answer 33

inexhaustible, renewable, nonrenewable

Question 34

examples of natural services

Answer 34

purification of water renewal of topsoil pollination chemical cycling

Question 35

Solutions are difficult because..

Answer 35

political, economic, and scientific factors

Question 36

subsidy

Answer 36

financial support from the government

Question 37

social science principles of sustainability

Answer 37

general guidelines for living more sustainably

Question 38

List of three social science principles

Answer 38

full-cost pricing, win-win solutions, responsibility to future

Question 39

sustainable yield

Answer 39

highest rate at which we can use a renewable resource indefinitely without reducing its available supply

Question 40

more-developed countries

Answer 40

industrialized nations with high average income (17%)

Question 41

less-developed countries

Answer 41

lower average income, 83% of world population

Question 42

ecosystem services provided by insects

Answer 42

pollination, spiders control population of flies, termites and decomposition of rotted wood

Question 43

economic benefit of wetlands

Answer 43

- tourism | - acts as a flood buffer

Question 44

tragedy of the commons

Answer 44

when there is no clear ownership of a natural resource, the users overexploit it to the point where it becomes depleted

Question 45

I=PAT

Answer 45

impact= population * affluence * technology

Question 46

globalization

Answer 46

transformation of local or regional markets or societies into global ones

Question 47

disadvantages of globalization

Answer 47

* increase consumerism and consumption of goods/resources * Exploitation of workforce in developing countries * Exploitation of resources in developing countries to meet demand * Financial disasters occur on a larger scale * Potential loss of regional cultural beliefs and customs

Question 48

advantages of globalization

Answer 48

• Access to new resources and ways of thinking • Increased awareness of global environmental issues • Great access to global markets with fewer restrictions • Greater understanding of cultural differences Greater travel opportunities allows exposure to other societies and cultures

Question 49

Max sustainable yield is...

Answer 49

one half the carrying capacity