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BACTE > UNIT 1 CONTROL OF MICROBIAL GROWTH > Flashcards

UNIT 1 CONTROL OF MICROBIAL GROWTH Flashcards

1
Q

Factors affecting Microbial Growth

A

● Type of Organism
● Microbial Load
● Concentration of Agent to be used
● Presence of Organic Material
● Nature of surface to be disinfected
● Contact time
● Temperature
● pH
● Compatibility of disinfectants

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2
Q

ability of the microorganisms to withstand the different disinfecting or sterilizing agent depends on the chemical composition and protective mechanisms inherent to such microorganisms

A

Type of organism

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3
Q

number of microorganisms present in the specimen/object

A

Microbial load

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4
Q

T or F. If microbial load is low, longer exposure time to the physical or chemical agent

A

F. HIGH microbial load, longer exposure agent

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5
Q

T or F. More concentrated disinfectants are effective in microbial inhibition or killing

A

T

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6
Q

Presence of mucus, blood, and pus can ________ the disinfecting agent by preventing full contact.

A

inactivate

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7
Q

Who devised a logical approach for disinfection/sterilization of inanimate or surfaces based on the degree of risk involved in their use.

A

Earle Spaulding

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8
Q

According to Spaulding classification, equipment/items are regarded as:

A

critical, semi-critical, non-critical

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9
Q

length of time a chemical agent needs to stay on a targeted surface

A

Contact time

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10
Q

T or F. Most disinfectants are effective at room temperature under an acidic condition.

A

T

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11
Q

T or F. Disinfection can be enhanced by an increase in temperature up to how many degrees.

A

F. increase in temperature ONLY UP to a CERTAIN degrees

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12
Q

Spaulding classification. Devices that enter sterile body parts including VASCULAR system.

A

Critical

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13
Q

Spaulding classification. Those that come in contact with non-intact skin or mucous membrane but DOES NOT penetrate them.

A

Semi-critical

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14
Q

Spaulding classification. Touch only the intact skin but not the mucous membrane

A

Non-critical

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15
Q

Physical methods of sterilization include the use of _____, _______, and ________.

A

Heat, Radiation, and Filtration

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16
Q

Two types of heat used in sterilization of biological wastes

A

Moist heat
Dry heat

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17
Q

refers to the absence of microbes in an area or object

A

Asepsis

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18
Q

refers to methods employed to prevent entry of organisms into the body as well into test tubes, flasks or plates used in microbial cultivation

A

Aseptic technique

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19
Q

involves chemical disinfection of living tissues (i.e. mucus membrane, skin) as well as in the treatment of wounds.

A

Antisepsis

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20
Q

a condition in which microbial growth and multiplication is halted or inhibited.

A

Bacteriostasis

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21
Q

The microorganism is not killed or destroyed in the process.

A

Bacteriostasis

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22
Q

Bacteriostatic methods include the use of __________ as well as _____

A

refrigeration ; dyes

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23
Q

are chemical sterilants used to destroy all forms of life.

A

Biocide

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24
Q

It is also known as chemical sterilants

A

Biocide

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25
Q

microorganisms inadvertently introduced to specimens or bacterial culture

A

Contaminant

26
Q

the process of removal of pathogenic microorganisms so materials/items are safe to handle or dispose

A

Decontamination

27
Q

removal of transient microorganisms from the skin using mechanical cleansing or antiseptics

A

Degerming

28
Q

process of destruction of pathogenic microorganisms except spores, prions and other microorganisms

A

Disinfection

29
Q

reduction of pathogens on eating utensils to safe public health levels by mechanical cleansing or use of chemicals

A

Sanitation

30
Q

destruction of all forms of life including bacterial spores

A

Sterilization

31
Q

lowest temperature in which all bacteria in a liquid culture will be killed in 10 minutes

A

Thermal Death Point

32
Q

minimal length of time in which all bacteria in a liquid suspension will be killed at a given temperature

A

Thermal Death Time

33
Q

most commonly used method. cheap, economical, and reliable

A

Heat

34
Q

Principle: OXIDATION
Longer exposure time and higher temperatures

A

Dry heat

35
Q

HOT AIR OVEN:
TEMP REQUIREMENTS: 160-180 C for 1.5-3 hours

A

Sterilize Glasswares

36
Q

HOT AIR OVEN: Sterilize Glasswares
TEMP REQUIREMENTS:

A

160-180 C for 1.5-3 hours

37
Q

For the sterilization of inoculating loops, needles,
mouth of tubes

A

Open flame

38
Q

BUNSEN BURNER:

A

Flame sterilization

39
Q

T or F. Now, incinerator is used for disposal of infectious hospital wastes.

A

F. Now Outlawed: RA 8749 Clean Air Act of 1999

40
Q

PRINCIPLE: COAGULATION OF PROTEINS
More effective than dry heat

A

Moist heat

41
Q

Moist heat
AUTOCLAVE:

A

121 C, 15psi (1 atm) for 15 minutes

42
Q

Moist heat

AUTOCLAVE: 121C, 15psi (1 atm) for 15 minutes
ALL MICROORGANISMS are killed (EXCEPT ________)

A

Prions

43
Q

form of disinfection; DOESN’T KILL SPORES
100C for 10-15 minutes

A

Boiling

44
Q

Boiling
___ C for _____

A

100 C for 10-15 minutes

45
Q

eliminates food borne pathogens responsible for food spoilage

A

Pasteurization

46
Q

Pasteurization method. 63C for 30 minutes

A

Batch Method

47
Q

Pasteurization method. 72C for 15 seconds

A

Flash Method

48
Q

Pasteurization method. 72 C-140 C then 72 C for
<5 sec

A

High Temp Short Time

49
Q

Reduces food spoilage without affecting taste is an advantage for

A

Pasteurization

50
Q

○ Flowing Steam
○ Fractional
○ Intermittent

A

Tyndallization

51
Q

Tyndallization
_____ C for ______ for ___ days

A

100 C for 30 mins for 3 days

52
Q

Arnold’s Sterilizer is an example of

A

Tyndallization

53
Q

○ for sterilization of high protein media
○ 75-80C for 2hrs on 3 consecutive days

A

Inspissation

54
Q

Inspissation
____ C for _____ on _____

A

75-80 C for 2 hrs on 3 consecutive days

55
Q

Separation of bacteria from liquids or air

A

Filtration

56
Q

Filtration of Liquids. Diatomaceous earth

A

Berkefeld

57
Q

Filtration of Liquids. sintered glass

A

Morton

58
Q

Filtration of Liquids. asbestos pad

A

Seitz

59
Q

Filtration of Liquids. unglazed porcelain

A

Chamberland-Pasteur

60
Q

Filtration of liquids. Cellulose esters

A

Membrane Filters

61
Q

sterilization of heat sensitive solutions:

A

liquid filtration

62
Q

critical sterilization: ___ um

A

0.22 um

BACTE (2 decks)

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