Unit 1 - Conservation in the UK, abroad, Life processes in the biosphere and Land resources - Keywords

Question 1

Plagioclimax

Answer 1

A community of species that does not develop to a natural climax, butis maintained by external influences including human activities such as burning, grazing or ploughing.

Question 2

Ecotourism

Answer 2

tourism intended to have a low environmental impact, usually involving seeing wildlife.

Question 3

NGOs

Answer 3

non-governmental organisations.

Question 4

Natural England

Answer 4

the UK governmental organisation with responsibility for the conservation of wildlife and the landscape.

Question 5

LNRs

Answer 5

Local Nature Reserves

Question 6

National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act

Answer 6

The UK law that enabled the establishment of National Parks, Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty and many public rights of way.

Question 7

Natura 2000

Answer 7

A network of protected sites in the EU that combine the SPAs and SACs set up under the birds and habitats directives.

Question 8

Species Recovery Programme

Answer 8

UK programme to help increase the numbers of some endangered species.

Question 9

DEFRA

Answer 9

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs.

Question 10

Biodiversity

Answer 10

A measure of the variety and abundance of wildlife species

Question 11

BAP

Answer 11

Biodiversity Action Plan.

Question 12

Convention on Biological Diversity 1992

Answer 12

International conference held in Brazil, often called

the Rio Summit.

Question 13

Forestry Commission

Answer 13

the UK governmental forestry organisation, which manages research, commercial timber production, learning and leisure.

Question 14

WWF

Answer 14

World Wide Fund for Nature is and environmental campaigning and pressure group.

Question 15

Natural Trust

Answer 15

A UK charity that conserves historic buildings and important landscapes and habitats.

Question 16

FoE

Answer 16

Friends of the Earth is an environmental pressure group.

Question 17

Greenpeace

Answer 17

An environmental pressure group.

Question 18

Species

Answer 18

A group of organisms that resemble each other more than other organisms and naturally interbreed to produce fertile offspring.

Question 19

Abiotic factors

Answer 19

Physical factors such as light, temperature and water.

Question 20

Biotic factors

Answer 20

Biological factors such as food and disease.

Question 21

Nutrient

Answer 21

Any chemical that is essential to an organism for growth or for metabolic processes.

Question 22

Microclimate

Answer 22

A small area with a climate that is different from the surrounding area.

Question 23

Biomass

Answer 23

The total mass of living or recently living material in an area

Question 24

Carbon sequestration

Answer 24

any process that is used to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, such as afforestation or underground storage.

Question 25

LEDs

Answer 25

Less Economically Developed Countries.

Question 26

CITES

Answer 26

The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (of wild fauna and flora).

Question 27

Plankton

Answer 27

Organisms that drift in the surface layers of the sea or other water bodies.

Question 28

Symbiosis

Answer 28

A relationship between organisms of different species that live together. One benefits while the other species may benefit, be unaffected or suffer.

Question 29

No-Take Zone

Answer 29

an area where the catching or removal of species is banned, e.g. areas where fishing is not allowed.

Question 30

Upwelling

Answer 30

An upwelling is where deep ocean water comes to the surface, often carrying nutrients and causing rich algal blooms.

Question 31

Albedo

Answer 31

A measure of the reflectivity of a surface, More reflective surfaces have higher albedos.

Question 32

UV Light

Answer 32

UV is short wavelength radiation emitted by the sun. Its energy can cause chemical reactions to take place, such as in the ozone layer or sunburn and DNA damage.

Question 33

British Antarctic Survey (BAS)

Answer 33

UK research organisation that operates in Antarctica

Question 34

Antarctic Treaty

Answer 34

An international agreement to protect and manage Antarctica.

Question 35

Turbulence

Answer 35

The roughness of the environment caused by chaotic air and water flow

Question 36

Heterotrough

Answer 36

An organism that gains its organic compounds for energy and growth from other organisms.