Unit 1: Classification of Matter

Question 1

Pure Substance

Answer 1

Anything that has a fixed chemical composition and can’t be broken down physically. It’s either an element or a compound

Question 2

Matter

Answer 2

Anything that has mass and takes up space.

Energy, light, sound, and heat are not matter.

Question 3

Element

Answer 3

A pure substance that is made of only one kind of atom.

Question 4

Atom

Answer 4

Smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element.

Question 5

Compound

Answer 5

A substance that is made from the atoms of two or more elements that are chemically bonded to one another.

Question 6

Molecule

Answer 6

Smallest unit of a compound.

Question 7

Mixture

Answer 7

A combination of two or more pure kinds of matter that can be separated physically. It’s either homogeneous or heterogeneous.

Question 8

Homogeneous Mixture / Solution

Answer 8

A mixture in which the components have a uniform composition throughout.

Question 9

Heterogeneous Mixture

Answer 9

A mixture in which the components DO NOT have a uniform composition throughout.

Question 10

Intensive Properties

Answer 10

Properties that don’t change based on the amount of the substance present, chemical or physical.

Question 11

Extensive properties

Answer 11

Properties that change based on the amount of the substance present, chemical or physical.

Question 12

Malleability

Answer 12

The ability to be hammered into a thin sheet.

Question 13

Ductility

Answer 13

The ability to be stretched into a wire.

Question 14

Solubility

Answer 14

The ability of a substance to dissolve in another

Question 15

Miscibility

Answer 15

The ability of 2 substances to mix and form a homogeneous mixture

Question 16

Chemical Property

Answer 16

A property that can only be observed by changing the identity of the substance.
Ex. Flammability, ability to rust, reactivity, pH

Question 17

Physical Change

Answer 17

A change that occurs that does not change the identity of the substance.

Question 18

Chemical Change

Answer 18

A change that occurs causing the identity of the substance to change

Question 19

Law of Conservation of Mass

Answer 19

When a substance undergoes a physical or chemical change it doesn’t gain or lose any of its mass.

Question 20

Law of Conservation of Energy

Answer 20

The law of conservation of energy states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed - only converted from one form of energy to another.

Question 21

What changes require an exchange of energy?

Answer 21

Both physical and chemical changes require an exchange of energy.

Question 22

What changes follow both the Law of Conservation of Mass and the Law of Conservation of Energy?

Answer 22

Physical and chemical changes

Question 23

Filtration

Answer 23

Passing a mixture through a barrier that prevents some parts of the mixture from passing through

Question 24

What property does filtration exploit?

Answer 24

Particle size

Question 25

Decanting

Answer 25

Carefully pouring off the liquid layer in a mixture to separate it from a solid layer.

Question 26

What property does decanting exploit?

Answer 26

Solubility and density.

Question 27

Centrifuge

Answer 27

Spinning a mixture in order to separate it into layers

Question 28

What property does the centrifuge exploit?

Answer 28

Density

Question 29

Distillation

Answer 29

Heating a mixture of miscible liquids until one boils, becomes a vapor, and condenses in a separate location.

Question 30

What property does distillation exploit?

Answer 30

Boiling point

Question 31

Chromatography

Answer 31

Separating the components of a homogeneous mixture by allowing a mobile phase to move them thru a stationary phase.

Question 32

What property does chromatography exploit?

Answer 32

Solubility