Unit 1: Chemistry And Matter

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Pure substances and mixtures

Question 2

Pure substances: compound

Answer 2

2 or more different element chemically combined to each other. Can only be separated by non chemical means.

Question 3

Pure substances: elements

Answer 3

Simplest pure substance
-Can be combined to create new substances/elements
-Can not be separated
-Only one type of atom
Ex. Oxygen

Question 4

Mixtures: homogenous

Answer 4

-a mixture so well blent that its parts do not separate.

Question 5

Homogeneous: solution

Answer 5

2 or more compounds or elements in one phase (looks the same)

Question 6

Solvent

Answer 6

Dissolves solute to form solution. Ex. Water

Question 7

Solute

Answer 7

Dissolves into the solvent

Question 8

Heterogeneous

Answer 8

A substance or mixture that is mixed but its parts can still be separated.

Question 9

Mechanical mixture

Answer 9

2 or more types of matter that are not evenly mixed

Question 10

Alloy

Answer 10

Homogeneous mixture composed of two of more elements (stainless steel)
Contains atoms of different sizes.

Question 11

Suspensions

Answer 11

Particles may be seen with the edge or low-powdered microscope
-If undisturbed, gravity will eventually cause particles to settle
Ex. Orange juice and ketchup

Question 12

Colloids

Answer 12

A mixture in which very small particles of one substance are distributed evenly through another substance.

Question 13

Tyndall effect

Answer 13

To see if a clear liquid is a colloid or a solution, simple shine a beam of light through the liquid. If beam passes through, it is a solution, otherwise the beak is scattered by colloid particles

Question 14

Chemical property

Answer 14

Describes the ability to undergo chemical changes.
-Reactivity
-Radioactivity (does it emit radiation?)
-Flammability
-Oxidation (loosing electrons/ rusting)

Question 15

Quantitative property

Answer 15

Include numerical measurements
Ex. Mass, volume, temperature, length, density, boiling point, melting point

Question 16

Qualitative property

Answer 16

-Use our five senses
-No numerical info provided
-Ex. Color, odour, taste, texture, viscosity, hardness
-Malleability, ductility, etc

Question 17

Lustre

Answer 17

Shininess/dullness (high lustre/low lustre)

Question 18

Optical clarity

Answer 18

Ability to allow light to break through
-transparent, translucent, and opaque

Question 19

Brittleness

Answer 19

Breakability

Question 20

Viscosity

Answer 20

Resistance to flow

Question 21

Hardness

Answer 21

Ability to scratch or be scratched

Question 22

Malleability

Answer 22

Ability to be hammered into a thin sheet

Question 23

Ductility

Answer 23

Ability to be pulled into a thin strand(wire)

Question 24

Electric conductivity

Answer 24

Ability to pass electric current through

Question 25

Chemical change

Answer 25

Look for the following clues: -New color -New smell -Heat or light being produced -Gas forming -A precipitate (solid)

Question 26

Physical change

Answer 26

-Pure substances have unique properties -Help us tell apart similar looking substances (water, and vinegar, sugar and salt) -Change in state -Change in shape -Density point, melting point

Question 27

Density

Answer 27

Measures how close the particles in a substance are to each other -Units are g/cm cubed for solids and g/ml for liquids

Question 28

Mass (m)

Answer 28

amount of matter in a substance

Question 29

Volume

Answer 29

Amount of space a substance takes up

Question 30

Density

Answer 30

Mass divided by volume

Question 31

Boiling point

Answer 31

Temperature at which a substance changes state from a liquid to gas

Question 32

Freezing point

Answer 32

The temperature at which a substance changes state from liquid to a solid

Question 33

Melting point

Answer 33

The temperature at which a substance changes from solid to a liquid -melting and freezing point for water is 0 degrees

Question 34

Are solids more dense than liquids?

Answer 34

Yes because a solids particles are packed tighter together than water

Question 35

H

Answer 35

Element name: Hydrogen Atomic number: 1 Mass number: 1 Group 1 (non-metal) Period 1

Question 36

He

Answer 36

Element name: Helium Atomic number: 2 Mass number: 4 Group 18 (Noble gases) Period 1

Question 37

Li

Answer 37

Element name: Lithium Atomic number: 3 Mass number:7 Group 1 (Alkali metals) Period 2

Question 38

Be

Answer 38

Element name: Beryllium Atomic number: 4 Atomic mass: 9 Group 2 (Alkali earth metals) Period 2

Question 39

B

Answer 39

Element name: Boron Atomic number: 5 Atomic mass: 11 Group 13 (Metalloid) Period 2

Question 40

C

Answer 40

Element name: carbon Atomic number: 6 Atomic mass: 12 Group 14 Period 2

Question 41

N

Answer 41

Element name: nitrogen Atomic number: 7 Atomic mass: 14 Group 15 (nonmetal) Period 2

Question 42

O

Answer 42

Element name: Oxygen Atomic number: 8 Atomic mass: 16 Group 16 (Non-metal) Period 2

Question 43

F

Answer 43

Element name: fluorine Atomic number: 9 Atomic mass: 19 Group 17 (Halogen) Period 2

Question 44

Ne

Answer 44

Element name: Neon Atomic number: 10 Atomic mass:20 Group 18 (Noble gas) Period 2

Question 45

Na

Answer 45

Element name: Sodium Atomic number:11 Atomic Mass: 23 Group 1 (Alkali metal) Period 3

Question 46

Mg

Answer 46

Element name: Magnesium Atomic number: 12 Atomic mass: 24 Group 2 (Alkali earth metal) Period 3

Question 47

AL

Answer 47

Element name: Aluminum Atomic number: 13 Atomic mass: 27 Group 13 Period 3

Question 48

Si

Answer 48

Element name: Silicon Atomic number: 14 Atomic mass: 28 Group 14 (metalloid) Period 3

Question 49

P

Answer 49

Element name: Phosphorus Atomic number: 15 Atomic mass: 31 Group 15 (Non-metal) Period 3

Question 50

S

Answer 50

Element name: Sulfur Atomic number: 16 Atomic mass: 32 Group 16 (Non-metal) Period 3

Question 51

CL

Answer 51

Element name: Chlorine Atomic number: 17 Atomic mass: 35 Group 17 (Halogen) Period 3

Question 52

Ar

Answer 52

Element name: Argon Atomic number: 18 Atomic mass: 40 Group 18 (noble gas) Period 3

Question 53

K

Answer 53

Element name: Potassium Atomic number:19 Atomic mass: 39 Group 1 (Alkali metal) Period 4

Question 54

Ca

Answer 54

Element name: Calcium Atomic number: 20 Atomic mass: 40 Group 2 (Alkali Earth metal) Period 4