Unit 1 - Chapter 4 ATP and Energy Transfer

Question 1

Respiration occurs in every

Answer 1

living cell

Question 2

Some cells need more ATP as they are more active such as

Answer 2

muscle cells

Question 3

ATP is a

Answer 3

short term transferable store of chemical energy

Question 4

ATP is required for most cell process such as

Answer 4

active transport, glycolysis and unzipping DNA

Question 5

ATP is synthesized or regenerated from

Answer 5

ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi)

Question 6

There is a constant supply of ATP in a cell because

Answer 6

it is synthesized as fast as it is used.

Question 7

How many carbons in Glucose?

Answer 7

6

Question 8

In the cytoplasm Glycolysis breaks down a 6C glucose molecule into

Answer 8

two 3C pyruvic acid molecules

Question 9

How many carbons are there in pyruvic acid?

Answer 9

3

Question 10

How many ATPs are required to start Glycolysis?

Answer 10

2

Question 11

How many ATPs are produced in Glycolysis?

Answer 11

4

Question 12

What is the net gain of ATP molecules from Glycolysis?

Answer 12

2 ATP molecules

Question 13

Hydrogen is released during Glycolysis and reduces the co-enzyme

Answer 13

NAD to give NADH2

Question 14

Glycolysis does not require

Answer 14

oxygen

Question 15

Oxygen is required for

Answer 15

The Kreb’s Cycle and the Cytochrome system

Question 16

The Krebs cycle occurs in the

Answer 16

matrix of the mitochondrion

Question 17

In the Krebs Cycle 3C pyruvic acid is converted to

Answer 17

2C Acetyl Co A with waste CO2

Question 18

How many carbons is there in Acetyl Co A?

Answer 18

2

Question 19

The 2C Acetyl Co A combines with a

Answer 19

4C compound to make citric acid

Question 20

Citric Acid is how many carbons?

Answer 20

6

Question 21

Citric Acid is formed when what two substances join?

Answer 21

2C Acetyl Co A and a 4C compound join

Question 22

6C citric acid is converted into a

Answer 22

5C compound releasing CO2 again

Question 23

This 5C compound is then converted back into a

Answer 23

4C compound

Question 24

At each loss of carbon around the Krebs cycle, what are released?

Answer 24

CO2 and Hydrogen

Question 25

The hydrogen released reduces the co-enzyme

Answer 25

NAD to give NADH2

Question 26

The reduced co-enzyme NADH2 carries hydrogen to the

Answer 26

cytochrome system

Question 27

The cytochrome system is located on the

Answer 27

cristae of the mitochondrion

Question 28

The cristae are

Answer 28

folds of the inner membrane

Question 29

The cristae give a large surface area for the

Answer 29

cytochrome carrier molecules

Question 30

Active cells such as muscle cells have lots of

Answer 30

cristae on their many mitochondria

Question 31

Energy is released as electrons from

Answer 31

hydrogen

Question 32

The electrons released from hydrogen are passed from one carrier to the next in the

Answer 32

cytochrome system

Question 33

The released energy is used to synthesise

Answer 33

ATP from ADP + Pi

Question 34

The final hydrogen acceptor is

Answer 34

oxygen

Question 35

Hydrogen and oxygen combine to produce

Answer 35

Water which is released

Question 36

All chemical reactions in respiration are controlled by

Answer 36

enzymes

Question 37

If oxygen is not available after glycolysis then

Answer 37

anaerobic respiration takes place

Question 38

Anaerobic respiration occurs in the cytoplasm and converts 3C pyruvic acid into

Answer 38

3C Latic Acid

Question 39

With Anaerobic respiration per glucose molecule how many ATP are produced?

Answer 39

2 ATPs per glucose molecule

Question 40

For one molecule of Glucose how many ATP are produced in aerobic respiration?

Answer 40

38 ATP

Question 41

How many ATP are produced in Glycolysis?

Answer 41

4 ATP

Question 42

What is the net gain of ATP produced in Glycolysis?

Answer 42

2 ATP

Question 43

How many ATP are produced from 1 molecule of Pyruvic acid ?

Answer 43

18 ATP

Question 44

How many ATP are produced from both molecules of Pyruvic acid?

Answer 44

36 ATP