Unit 1, Chapter 2

Question 1

what does science study?

Answer 1

the natural world/physical universe

Question 2

components of the physical universe include

Answer 2

matter, energy and forces

Question 3

These are the building blocks of matter

Answer 3

atoms

Question 4

atoms bond so that they can

Answer 4

become stable

Question 5

atoms lose their individual identity when chemically bonded to form

Answer 5

molecules

Question 6

Ionic bonds bond together

Answer 6

cations and anions

Question 7

These are the two types of covalent bonds

Answer 7

polar and pure

Question 8

Laws are described a

Answer 8

phenomenon in nature that we always assume is true

Question 9

These were the only stable atoms when Earth was created

Answer 9

Helium and Hydrogen

Question 10

John Dalton created this model

Answer 10

Billiard Ball Model

Question 11

Bohr disproved dalton and created this model

Answer 11

Bohr Model

Question 12

These are the six essential elements:

Answer 12

C, O, H, N, P, S

Question 13

Chemical bonds formed from electron transfer

Answer 13

ions

Question 14

loss of electrons

Answer 14

oxydation

Question 15

Covalent bonds are

Answer 15

a SHARED PAIR of electrons

Question 16

As electronegativity increases

Answer 16

the pull of the electron increases

Question 17

When two atoms have the same electronegativity they are considered to be

Answer 17

nonpolar

Question 18

When atoms do not have equally shared electrons they are

Answer 18

polar

Question 19

Dipoles

Answer 19

are partially negative and partially positive charges

Question 20

Trace Elements

Answer 20

an element that is only needed in very small quantities by an organisms

Question 21

Two examples of trace elements include

Answer 21

Fe and I

Question 22

one amu is

Answer 22

1.7 x 10^-24

Question 23

energy is defined as

Answer 23

the capacity to cause change

Question 24

the atom who takes the electron is being

Answer 24

reduced

Question 25

the atom who’s electron is being taken is being

Answer 25

oxydized

Question 26

intramolecular forces

Answer 26

work within the molecule

Question 27

intermolecular forces are

Answer 27

the attractions between other molecules

Question 28

which is stronger intra or intermolecular forces?

Answer 28

intramolecular bonds

Question 29

these are the three types of intramolecular bonds

Answer 29

dipole-dipole, dipole-induced dipole, and freak dipole-induced dipole

Question 30

dipole dipoles are ____ and an example is ____

Answer 30

partial attraction between molecules, water

Question 31

what is an induced dipole?

Answer 31

these are temporarily dipoles for a split second because they repel against the other dipole’s partial charges.

Question 32

another name for a freak dipole is

Answer 32

longdon dispension dipole

Question 33

explain the freak dipole

Answer 33

when electrons spend more time around one atom or another, creating a partial negative that can freak out a little, creating a dipole with a slight attraction.