Unit 1, Chapter 1

Question 1

Reservations

Answer 1

A legal way of making a provision less enforceable than it might otherwise be

Question 2

Criminal Laws

Answer 2

Laws that regulate public conduct and set out duties owed to society

Question 3

Felony

Answer 3

Criminal offense such as murder or robbery

Question 4

Misdemeanors

Answer 4

Less serious crimes such as simple assault

Question 5

Civil Laws

Answer 5

Regulate relations between individuals or a group

Question 6

Civil action

Answer 6

A lawsuit that can be brought by a person who feels wronged or injured by another person

Question 7

Defendant

Answer 7

Person accused of committing the crime

Question 8

Plaintiff

Answer 8

Person or company harmed- against the defendant

Question 9

Prosecutor

Answer 9

The state or federal governments attorney in a criminal case

Question 10

“Beyond a reasonable doubt”

Answer 10

If the jury has any reasonable doubts about the defendants guilt, then it must vote not to convict

Question 11

“Preponderance of the evidence”

Answer 11

The burden of proof that a party must meet in order to win the lawsuit

Question 12

Limited Government

Answer 12

Basic principles of our constitutional system, limits government to powers provided to it by the people

Question 13

Separation of Powers

Answer 13

The three branches of the federal government, judicial, executive, and legislative

Question 14

Statutes

Answer 14

Written laws enacted by legislatures

Question 15

Checks and balances

Answer 15

System designed to prevent one branch from becoming too powerful and abusing its power

Question 16

Veto

Answer 16

Refuse to approve laws passed by congress

Question 17

Judicial Review

Answer 17

Enables a court to declare unenforceable any law passed by congress or a state legislature that conflicts with the country’s highest law, the U.S. Constitution

Question 18

Unconstitutional

Answer 18

Conflicting with some provision of the constitution

Question 19

Federalism

Answer 19

Division of powers between the states and the federal government

Question 20

Bill of Rights

Answer 20

First 10 amendments to the Constitution which guarantee basic individual rights to all persons in the U.S.

Question 21

Human Rights

Answer 21

Rights all people have simply because they are human beings