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biology > unit 1 - cell structure > Flashcards

unit 1 - cell structure Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is cell ultrastructure?

A

all the parts that make up a cell

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2
Q

what is a cell wall?

A

structure surrounding a cell that protects and helps the cell to keep its shape

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3
Q

what is a cell membrane?

A

controls what enters and leaves the cell (it is selectively permeable)

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4
Q

what does selectively permeable mean?

A

only certain molecules can pass through

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5
Q

what are chloroplasts?

A

small green discs in plant cells where photosynthesis takes place

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6
Q

what is cytoplasm?

A

the jelly inside a cell where the organelles are found

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7
Q

what is a nucleus?

A

contains genetic info (DNA)

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8
Q

what is the ribosome?

A

site of protein synthesis

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9
Q

what is an organelle?

A

any part of the cell found in the cytoplasm

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10
Q

what is a fungal cell?

A

the cell type found in fungi

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11
Q

what is cellulose?

A

the chemical that makes up plant cell walls

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12
Q

what is a vacuole?

A

a structure found in the cytoplasm that contains cell sap in plants

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13
Q

what does a animal cell have?

what does an animal cell not have?

A

cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria, ribosomes, nucleus

cell wall, chloroplasts, vacuole, plasmids

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14
Q

what does a plant cell have?

what does a plant cell not have?

A

cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria, chloroplasts, vacuole, ribosomes, nucleus

plasmids

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15
Q

what does a fungus cell have?

what does a fungus cell not have?

A

cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria, vacuole, ribosomes, nucleus, plasmids (SOMETIMES)

chloroplasts

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16
Q

what does a bacteria cell have?

what does a bacteria cell not have?

A

cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, plasmids

mitochondria, chloroplasts, vacuole, nucleus

17
Q

what is the function of the cell wall?

A

support and strengthens cells

18
Q

what is the function of the cell membrane?

A

controls what substances enter and leave a cell

19
Q

what is the function of cytoplasm?

A

the fluid inside the cell membrane where many chemical reactions happen including fermentation

20
Q

what is the function of the mitochondria?

A

the site of aerobic respiration where most ATP is produced

21
Q

what is the function of chloroplasts?

A

the site of photosynthesis where sugar is produced

22
Q

what the function of the vacuole?

A

a compartment in the cell that stored water and helps keep the cell turgid

23
Q

what is the function of ribosomes?

A

the site of protein synthesis (where the amino acids are joined together)

24
Q

what is the function of plasmids?

A

small circular DNA molecules that contains genes

25
Q

what is the function of the nucleus?

A

a compartment in the cell where DNA is stored as chromosomes

26
Q

what are cell walls made of?

A

cellulose

biology (6 decks)

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