Unit 1: Cell Biology <> Specialised Cells

Question 1

What is the definition of differentiation

Answer 1

Differentiation is the process by which a cell becomes specialised for its job

Question 2

What specialised cell has a biconcave shape

Answer 2

Red blood cells have a biconcave shape

Question 3

How many chromosomes do sperm cells have compared to cells in the body

Answer 3

Sperm cells contain half the amount of chromosomes compared to cells in the body

Question 4

What do sperm cells have on their head to penetrate the egg cell

Answer 4

Sperm cells have enzymes on their head to penetrate the egg cell

Question 5

What two things do root hair cells absorb from the soil

Answer 5

Root hair cells absorb water and mineral ions from the soil

Question 6

How are root hair cells specialised to absorb mineral ions from the soil and why

Answer 6

Root hair cells contain a lot of mitochondria to absorb mineral ions from the soil through process of active transport which requires energy

Question 7

How are muscle cells specialised to move your body

Answer 7

Muscle cells contract to move your body

Question 8

What material strengthens the wall of xylem cells

Answer 8

Lignin strengthens the wall of xylem cells

Question 9

What do phloem cells transport around the body

Answer 9

Phloem cells transport dissolved sugars around the body

Question 10

What two substances do xylem cells transport around the body

Answer 10

Water and mineral ions are transported around the plant by xylem cells

Question 11

Why do root hail cells have a large surface area

Answer 11

Root hair cells have a large surface area to maximize absorption of water